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Steatohepatitis und Leberzirrhose: Erstmanifestation 23 Jahre nach ejunoilealem Bypass

Steatohepatitis and cirrhosis: first manifestation 23 years after jejunoileal bypass surgery

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Summary

Intestinal shunting procedures followed by gastrointestinal bypass surgery have been used as therapeutic modalities in the treatment of morbid obesity since the mid 1950s. Enthusiasm reached its peak in the early 1960s with the introduction of the jejunoileal bypass, however began to vane as various complications were identified in the remote postoperative period and later. Finally, the jejunoileal bypass was abandoned in the 1980s. Apart from renal disorders, it frequently resulted in abnormal liver function and liver failure which are attributed to fatty infiltration. We report a 56-year-old woman, who underwent jejunoileal bypass surgery 23 years ago. She was admitted to our ICU because of hepatic encephalopathy IV, caused by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Beside hepatic encephalopathy there were signs of severe liver failure (INR 2.8, cholesterol 32 mg/dl, ICG PDR 5%). Liver biopsy showed fatty infiltration and cirrhosis. Excluding other causes of liver disease, severe fatty liver disease following jejunoileal bypass surgery was diagnosed. The very late onset of severe liver disease emphasizes the importance of lifelong follow-up of these patients.

Zusammenfassung

Gastrointestinale Shunt-Operationen werden seit Mitte der 50er Jahre zur Behandlung der Adipositas per magna durchgeführt. Der Jejunoileale Bypass kam zwischen den frühen 60er und 80er Jahren als bariatrisches Verfahren zum Einsatz, wurde jedoch aufgrund schwerer hepatischer und nephrologischer Komplikationen wieder verlassen. Eine bisher beschwerdefreie 56-jährige Patienten, die sich vor 23 Jahren einer Jejunoilealen Bypassoperation unterzogen hatte, wurde wegen eines akuten Leberversagens mit hepatischer Enzephalopathie IV im Rahmen einer akuten oberen gastrointestinalen Blutung auf die Intensivstation aufgenommen. Als Grunderkrankung fand sich in der histologischen Aufarbeitung der Leberbiopise eine Steatohepatitis mit zirrhotischem Umbau. Die Syntheseparameter (INR 2,8, Cholesterin 32 mg/dl) und die ICG PDR 5% zeigten das Bild einer schweren Leberinsuffizienz. Nach Ausschluss anderer Ursachen wurde die Steatohepatitis mit zirrhotischem Umbau als Folge des jejunoilealen Bypass interpretiert. Das ausgesprochen späte Auftreten dieser postoperativen Komplikation verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit zur konsequenten, lebenslangen Überwachung von Patienten mit einem Jejunoilealen Bypass, auch bei subjektivem Wohlbefinden.

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Correspondence to Kurt Lenz.

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Piringer, P., Buder, R., Firlinger, F. et al. Steatohepatitis und Leberzirrhose: Erstmanifestation 23 Jahre nach ejunoilealem Bypass. Wien Klin Wochenschr 119, 733–738 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-007-0850-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-007-0850-z

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