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Renal functional and structural integrity in infants with iron deficiency anemia: relation to oxidative stress and response to iron therapy

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A Publisher's Erratum to this article was published on 21 September 2015

Abstract

Background

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare renal functional and structural integrity in 50 infants with IDA and 50 healthy controls and to assess the relation between IDA and oxidative stress and response to iron therapy.

Methods

This was a prospective study in which peripheral blood samples were collected from all study subjects and the following laboratory investigations performed: serum iron profile, urinary microalbumin, urinary leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa), serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), serum and urinary trace elements (iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium). All patients received oral iron therapy and were followed-up for 3 months.

Results

The levels of baseline urinary markers were higher among the patients with IDA than among the controls (p < 0.05). Patients had a lower pre-therapy TAC and lower serum zinc and magnesium levels than controls as well as higher MDA and serum copper levels (p < 0.05). MDA level was positively correlated to microalbumin and LAP level (p < 0.05). Urinary LAP concentration was positively correlated to urinary trace element concentrations (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in microalbumin, LAP, FeNa, and urinary trace elements was observed post-iron therapy while hemoglobin and ferritin levels were increased (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Among the study subjects, IDA had an adverse influence on renal functional and structural integrity which could be reversed with iron therapy. Oxidative stress played an important role in the pathogenesis of renal injury in IDA.

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All authors were involved in concept, design, data collection, analysis and drafting of the manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassya Square, Cairo, Egypt

      Mohamed S. El-Shimi, Rania A. El-Farrash, Yomna M. Salem & Sara M. Shoukry

    2. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

      Eman A. Ismail & Omayma A. El-Gamel

    3. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

      A. El-Safty

    4. Physiology Department, Radiation Center for Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt

      Ahmed S. Nada

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    1. Mohamed S. El-Shimi
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    4. A. El-Safty
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    Correspondence to Rania A. El-Farrash.

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    Mohamed S. El Shimi, Rania A. El-Farrash, Eman A. Ismail, Ibrahim A. El Safty, Ahmed S. Nada, Omayma A. El Gamel, Yomna M. Salem and Sara M. Shoukry contributed equally to this work.

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    El-Shimi, M.S., El-Farrash, R.A., Ismail, E.A. et al. Renal functional and structural integrity in infants with iron deficiency anemia: relation to oxidative stress and response to iron therapy. Pediatr Nephrol 30, 1835–1842 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-015-3122-6

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