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Effects of smoking on bariatric surgery postoperative weight loss and patient satisfaction

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Abstract

Background

While general population studies have demonstrated a relationship between cigarette smoking and weight loss, this association is not well established among the bariatric patient population. Given that bariatric patients are inherently weight-concerned, understanding the effects of smoking on postoperative weight loss is essential. We examined the association of preoperative smoking, postoperative smoking and changes in smoking status with weight loss after bariatric surgery. In addition, we examined the association of changes in smoking status with subjective indices of patient satisfaction while controlling for weight loss.

Methods

Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent Sleeve Gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for weight loss at a single institution between August 2000 and November 2017. Additional follow up was obtained by telephone survey. Statistical analysis utilized multivariate logistical regressions.

Results

Our study included 512 patients. Majority were female (n = 390, 76.2%) and underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 362, 70.7%). Average age was 46.8 years and average follow up was 6.99 years. Preoperative, postoperative and changes in smoking status were not significantly associated with weight loss. Former smokers were significantly more likely to report postoperative satisfaction with self-overall OR 10.62 (p < 0.01), satisfaction with postoperative outcomes OR 4.18 (p = 0.02), and improvement in quality of life OR 4.05 (p = 0.04) compared to continued smokers independent of weight loss. No difference in rates of satisfaction were found between former smokers and never smokers. Smoking cessation and weight loss were independently predictive of positive responses to these satisfaction indices.

Conclusions

We found no association between preoperative smoking, postoperative smoking or changes in smoking status with postoperative weight loss. Smoking cessation was associated with patient satisfaction and improvement in quality of life compared to continued smokers. Smoking cessation and postoperative weight loss were independently predictive of increased patient satisfaction.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Jamil S. Samaan

  2. Division of Upper GI & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1510 San Pablo St, Suite 514, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Sukriti Mohan, Omar Toubat, Elaine Qian, Nayun Lee, Chaitra Subramanyam, Evan T. Alicuben, Adrian Dobrowolsky, Kulmeet Sandhu & Kamran Samakar

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  1. Jamil S. Samaan
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  2. Sukriti Mohan
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  3. Omar Toubat
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  4. Elaine Qian
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  5. Nayun Lee
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  6. Chaitra Subramanyam
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  10. Kamran Samakar
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Correspondence to Kamran Samakar.

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Disclosures

Jamil S. Samaan, Sukriti Mohan, Omar Toubat, Elaine Qian, Nayun Lee, Chaitra Subramanyam, Evan T. Alicuben, Adrian Dobrowolsky, Kulmeet Sandhu and Kamran Samakar have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Samaan, J.S., Mohan, S., Toubat, O. et al. Effects of smoking on bariatric surgery postoperative weight loss and patient satisfaction. Surg Endosc 35, 3584–3591 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-07827-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-07827-7

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