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Normative High-Resolution Pharyngeal Manometry: Impact of Age, Size of System, and Sex on Primary Metrics and Pressure Stability

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Abstract

There have been many reports of normative pharyngeal swallowing pressures using high-resolution pharyngeal manometry, but there is a fair amount of between-subject variance in reported pressure parameters. The purpose of this study was to put forward normative pharyngeal high-resolution manometry measures across the lifespan and investigate the effects of age, size of system, and sex. High-resolution pharyngeal manometry was performed on 98 healthy adults (43 males) between the ages 21 and 89. Pressure duration, maxima, integral, and within-individual variability metrics were averaged over 10 swallows of 10-ml thin liquid. Multiple linear and logistic regressions with model fitting were used to examine how pharyngeal pressures relate to age, pharyngeal size, and sex. Age was associated with tongue base maximum pressure, tongue base maximum variability, and upper esophageal sphincter-integrated relaxation pressure (F3,92 = 6.69; p < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.15). Pharyngeal area during bolus hold was associated with velopharynx integral (F1,89 = 5.362; p = 0.02; adjusted R2 = 0.05), and there was no significant model relating pharyngeal pressures to C2–C4 length (p < 0.05). Sex differences were best described by tongue base integral and hypopharynx maximum variability (χ2 = 10.27; p = 0.006; pseudo R2 = 0.14). Normative data reveal the distribution of swallow pressure metrics which need to be accounted for when addressing dysphagia patients, the importance of pressure interactions in normal swallow, and address the relative stability of swallow metrics with normal aging.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants DC011130 and GM007507. The authors would like to thank the following for assistance with data collection and pre-processing: Chelsea Walczak, Alyssa Mitchell, Sarah Rosen, Nicole Shaen-Hilcock, Ellen Meisner, Emma Backlund, and Sarah Ladin.

Funding

This article was funded by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, DC011130, Timothy M McCulloch, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, GM007507.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Corinne A. Jones, Jilliane F. Lagus & Caroline M. Osborn

  2. Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg. B, Stop Z0700, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Corinne A. Jones

  3. Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of WI – Madison, K4/710 CSC, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA

    Corinne A. Jones, Suzan M. Abdelhalim, Sophia M. Colevas & Timothy M. McCulloch

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  1. Corinne A. Jones
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Jones, C.A., Lagus, J.F., Abdelhalim, S.M. et al. Normative High-Resolution Pharyngeal Manometry: Impact of Age, Size of System, and Sex on Primary Metrics and Pressure Stability. Dysphagia (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-023-10647-1

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