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A standardized treatment protocol for pilonidal disease can influence the health mindset of adolescents

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Abstract

Purpose

Pilonidal disease (PD) significantly impacts patients’ quality of life and requires regular maintenance behaviors to achieve cure. Health mindset is a psychological construct which can influence health behaviors and outcomes, with a growth mindset being associated with better outcomes than a fixed. We propose that participation in a standardized treatment protocol can affect the health mindset for adolescents with pilonidal disease.

Methods

PD patients’ demographics, recurrence, and comorbidities were prospectively collected from 2019 to 2022. We assessed patients’ mindset score at initial presentation using the validated Three-Item Mindset Scale (1–6) then reassessed during follow-up. t-test was used to compare baseline and follow-up mindset scores and stratified by recurrence or comorbidities. p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

A total of 207 PD patients (108 males, 99 females) with mean age 18.2 ± 3.7 years were followed for 351 ± 327 days. Mean baseline mindset score (4.76 ± 1.27) was significantly lower than mean follow-up mindset score (5.03 ± 1.18, p = 0.049). Baseline mindset score was significantly lower among patients with PD recurrence (4.00 ± 0.66) compared to those without recurrence (4.8 ± 1.29, p = 0.05). Among patients with PD recurrence, mean baseline mindset score (4.00 ± 0.66) was significantly lower than mean follow-up mindset score (5.27 ± 0.93, p = 0.0038). Patient comorbidity did not affect the baseline or follow-up mindset score.

Conclusions

Participation in a standardized treatment protocol is associated with the development of a stronger growth mindset over time for patients with PD. Furthermore, a growth mindset was linked to lower recurrence rate than a fixed mindset. Further investigations into how treatment approaches can work in concert with health mindset are proposed.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to patient privacy but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by Stanford University Department of Surgery Seed Grant Funding for research.

School of Medicine,Stanford University,Department of Surgery Seed Grant Funding for Research

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA

    Claudia Mueller, Madeline Adams, Claire Abrajano, Kyla Santos Dalusag, Thomas Hui, Wendy Su, Julie Fuchs & Bill Chiu

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA

    Razie Yousefi

Authors
  1. Claudia Mueller
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  2. Madeline Adams
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  3. Claire Abrajano
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  4. Razie Yousefi
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  5. Kyla Santos Dalusag
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  6. Thomas Hui
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  7. Wendy Su
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  8. Julie Fuchs
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  9. Bill Chiu
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Contributions

Study conception and design: Mueller, Chiu; acquisition of data: Abrajano, Dalusag; analysis and interpretation of data: Mueller, Adams, Yousefi, Chiu; drafting of manuscript: Mueller, Adams, Chiu; critical revision of manuscript: Hui, Su, Fuchs, Chiu. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bill Chiu.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the Stanford University Institutional Review Board (#52040), and all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and/or their legal guardian(s).

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Not applicable.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Mueller, C., Adams, M., Abrajano, C. et al. A standardized treatment protocol for pilonidal disease can influence the health mindset of adolescents. Langenbecks Arch Surg 409, 93 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-024-03282-3

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