Abstract
Purpose
The association between secondhand smoke (SHS) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was inconsistent and the studies were relatively scarce, hence, we conducted a meta-analysis of the association between SHS and PAD.
Materials and methods
We systematically searched three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science), and calculated the pooled prevalence risk ratio (RR) and estimated standard error by random effect model from the meta-analysis. Furthermore, we performed a subgroup meta-analysis according to the location of SHS exposure.
Results
We initially identified 502 articles from the electronic database, and 6 articles, cross-sectional data from 4 cross-sectional studies and 2 prospective cohort studies, were included in the meta-analysis. Among these six articles, two studies showed a significant correlation between SHS exposure and PAD, whereas no study showed a negative correlation between SHS exposure and PAD. In the meta-analysis, pooled prevalence showed a significant association between SHS exposure and PAD (RR = 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.41; z = 3.02, p = 0.003). In the subgroup analysis based on location of SHS exposure, the prevalence RR of PAD at home was 1.30 (95% CI 1.14–1.49, Z-3.99, p < 0.0001). The prevalence RR in the subgroup of SHS exposure at work was not significant (RR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.55–1.44; z = 0.48, p = 0.63).
Conclusion
Exposure to SHS was significantly and positively associated with PAD. Moreover, we found a significant association between exposure to SHS and PAD at home, but the association was not significant at work.
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Abbreviations
- ABI:
-
Ankle-brachial index
- Apo:
-
Apolipoprotein
- CI:
-
Confidence interval
- ETS:
-
Environmental tobacco smoke
- IC:
-
Intermittent claudication
- PAD:
-
Peripheral arterial disease
- PRISMA:
-
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
- RR:
-
Risk ratio
- SE:
-
Standard error
- SHS:
-
Secondhand smoke
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This work was partially supported by Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital (S-110-09).
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Conceptualization, C-CY; methodology, C-CY, H-YC, NK; software, KW, C-CY, H-YC, NK; formal analysis, C-WW, C-CY; investigation, C-WW, H-YC, P-SW, H-CP, C-LW, C-CY; writing—original draft preparation, C-WW, P-SW, C-CY; writing—review and editing, C-CY, H-YC, C-KH, C-YD, C-HH; supervision, C-CY.
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Wu, CW., Chuang, HY., Watanabe, K. et al. Association between secondhand smoke and peripheral arterial disease: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 95, 1091–1101 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-022-01837-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-022-01837-9