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Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel)

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

To describe the different types of vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA) seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and explain the possible reasons for its development.

Methods

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, type 2 MacTel eyes with macular volumetric OCT imaging protocol were included to identify different types of VMIA such as abnormal PVD, vitreomacular traction (VMT), ERM, and lamellar and full-thickness macular hole. The VMIA findings were then correlated with different MacTel disease stages and visual acuity.

Results

One thousand forty-three OCTs of 332 type 2 MacTel eyes from 169 patients at different visits were examined. VMIA was detected in 709 (68%) of those OCT scans in 216 (65%) eyes. There were 273 (39%), 31 (4%), 89 (13%), 7 (1%), and 381 (54%) OCT scans with vitreomacular adhesion, VMT, ERM, and inner and outer lamellar macular holes discovered respectively. VMIA eyes had a high frequency of abnormal PVD (p = 0.001) and retinal pigment clumps (RPCs) [p = 0.032]. Eyes with abnormal PVD (p = 0.034) and RPC (p = 0.000) had a higher rate of ERM development. RPC was linked to an increased risk of developing ERM (odd ratio 2.472; 95% CI 1.488–4.052). RPC and ERM contributed significantly to poor visual acuity (0.661 ± 0.416, 20/92).

Conclusion

OCT reveals a high frequency of VMIA in advanced type 2 MacTel eyes. RPC could be responsible for the development of anomalous PVD, as well as subsequent VMIAs and ERM. Additional work is required to examine the long-term changes and surgical outcomes of these eyes.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Retina and Vitreous, Narayana Nethralaya, #121/C, 1stR Block, Chord Road, Rajaji Nagar, Bengaluru, 560010, Karnataka, India

    Ramesh Venkatesh, Rubble Mangla, Ashit Handa, Sai Prashanti Chitturi, Yash Parmar, Rohini Sangoram & Naresh Kumar Yadav

  2. University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Medical Retina and Vitreoretinal Surgery, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 800, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Jay Chhablani

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Contributions

RV, JC – conceptualizing the study, data acquisition, analyzing the data, statistics and results, interpreting the findings, writing & reviewing the manuscript.

YJP, RM, AH, SP, RS – Data acquisition and analyzing the data.

NKY – critically reviewing the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramesh Venkatesh.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the (place name of institution and/or national research committee) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Approval was obtained from Narayana Nethralaya Institutional Review Board and Ethics committee (C-2022–12-003).

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Obtained from the patients.

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Venkatesh, R., Mangla, R., Handa, A. et al. Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 262, 1455–1463 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06330-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06330-8

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