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Visualization of irrigation fluid flow and calculation of its velocity distribution in the anterior chamber by particle image velocimetry

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Abstract

Purpose

To visualize irrigation fluid flow and calculate its velocity distribution in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification by particle image velocimetry.

Methods

Porcine eyes were fixed in a glass chamber filled with balanced salt solution. An ultrasound handpiece was fixed to the glass chamber, and its tip was inserted into the anterior chamber through a corneal incision. Irrigation fluid was mixed with fluorescein-labeled liposomes as tracer particles. During phacoemulsification without ultrasound, a sheet-like Nd-YAG pulsed laser beam was emitted and moved from the iris plane to the top of the cornea continuously. Images of illuminated liposomes in the anterior chamber were captured at short intervals with a CCD camera, and the velocity distribution of irrigation fluid flow was calculated by particle image velocimetry.

Results

By particle image velocimetry, the flow velocity distribution could be calculated in any plane of the anterior chamber. Dynamic flow of the irrigation fluid, ejected from the tip of the ultrasound handpiece and returned to an aspiration port, was visualized clearly in the anterior chamber. The maximum flow velocity in the anterior chamber was 342 ± 131 mm/s.

Conclusions

Particle image velocimetry enabled the visualization of irrigation fluid flow and quantification of its velocity distribution in different planes of the anterior chamber during cataract surgery. These data are essential for evaluating the safety and efficacy of new surgical settings and devices during phacoemulsification.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by Grants for Scientific Research 21592216 (2009–2011, to Y.K.) and 19360082 (2010–2012, to J.S.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Yuichi Kaji & Tetsuro Oshika

  2. Department of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

    Masaki Yamashita & Jun Sakakibara

Authors
  1. Yuichi Kaji
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  2. Masaki Yamashita
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  3. Jun Sakakibara
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  4. Tetsuro Oshika
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuichi Kaji.

Additional information

A part of this work was presented at the 13th International Symposium on Flow Visualization (ISFV 13), Nice, France, July 1–4, 2008.

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Kaji, Y., Yamashita, M., Sakakibara, J. et al. Visualization of irrigation fluid flow and calculation of its velocity distribution in the anterior chamber by particle image velocimetry. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 250, 1023–1027 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-1953-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-012-1953-4

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