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Global prevalence of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, stress, and depression among infertile women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

In recent years, the global prevalence of infertility has increased among women (Talmor and Dunphy, Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 29(4):498–506, 2015) and is considered as a public health concern. One of the impacts of infertility is mental health problems in the patients, which can lead to complications such as stress, anxiety, and depression. The aim of this study is to investigate the global prevalence of major depressive disorder, general anxiety, stress, and depression in infertile women through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

To identify studies that have reported the prevalence of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, stress, and depression in infertile women, the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar repositories were systematically searched. Articles published up until February 2023 were included, while no lower time limit was imposed in the search strategy. Heterogeneity of studies was examined using the I2 test and, thus, random-effects model was used to perform the analysis. Data analysis was conducted within the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (v.2) software.

Results

In the review of 44 studies with a sample size of 53,300 infertile female patients, the overall prevalence of major depressive disorder (clinical depression), generalized anxiety, stress, and depression was found to be 22.9%, 13.3%, 78.8%, and 31.6% respectively. It was also found that mental health complications are more prevalent among infertile women in Asia (continent).

Conclusion

Considering the prevalence of mental disorders among infertile women, health policymakers can use the results of the present meta-analysis to pay more attention to the mental health of infertile women and devise suitable interventions and programs to reduce and prevent the spread of psychological disorders among infertile women.

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Data availability

Datasets are available through the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

GAD:

Generalized anxiety disorder

STROBE:

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology

PRISMA:

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

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Acknowledgements

By Student Research Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.

Funding

By Deputy for Research and Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR) (4020532). This deputy has no role in the study process.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Nader Salari

  2. Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Nader Salari

  3. Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Fateme Babajani

  4. Department of Business Systems and Operations, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK

    Amin Hosseinian-Far

  5. Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Razie Hasheminezhad & Parisa Haydarisharaf

  6. Department of Psychiatry, Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Nasrin Abdoli

  7. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran

    Masoud Mohammadi

  8. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Masoud Mohammadi

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  7. Masoud Mohammadi
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Contributions

NS and FB contributed to the design, MM statistical analysis, participated in most of the study steps. MM and RH and AHF and NA and PH prepared the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the content of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Masoud Mohammadi.

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Salari, N., Babajani, F., Hosseinian-Far, A. et al. Global prevalence of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, stress, and depression among infertile women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 309, 1833–1846 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-024-07444-y

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