Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development of a German version of the knee outcome survey for daily activities

  • Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

The knee outcome survey-activities of daily living scale (KOS-ADLS) is a patient-reported specific measure of knee function. The KOS-ADLS includes items related to both symptoms and functional limitations experienced during ADL. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a cross-culturally adapted German version of the KOS-ADLS.

Materials and methods

108 consecutive knee patients (n = 57 males/51 females) scheduled for outpatient physical therapy at an orthopedic hospital were enrolled in the investigation. For the reliability analysis, 50 patients were asked to complete the questionnaire on two non-consecutive days. To assess the validity of the KOS-ADLS, 58 additional patients answered the questionnaire in addition to performing a series of other related tests: (1) visual analogue scale for knee pain intensity, (2) The Get-up-and Go, and (3) time for ascending/descending stairs. The functional tests were selected because they directly related to specific items in the questionnaire and were thought to reflect the major areas of disability for this patient group

Results

The reliability analysis demonstrated that the German version of the KOS-ADLS had a good reliability (ICC range 0.94–0.97) and internal consistency (alpha 0.89). The functional tests (e.g. Get-up and Go, ascending/descending stairs) showed moderate correlations, whereas the visual analogue pain scale was highly correlated with the subscores and total score of the KOS-ADLS.

Conclusion

The psychometric characteristics of the German version of the KOS-ADLS produced reliable and valid results, as the original version, in detection of an individual’s symptom and function related knee joint impairment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Beaton DE (2000) Understanding the relevance of measured change through studies of responsiveness. Spine 24:3192–3199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB (2000) Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine 24:3186–3191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, Campbell J, Stitt LW (1988) Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol 12:1833–1840

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bergner M, Rothman ML (1987) Health status measures: an overview and guide for selection. Annu Rev Public Health 8:191–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Borsa PA, Lephart SM, Irrgang JJ (1998) Sport-specificity of knee-scoring systems to assess disability in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient athletes. J Sports Rehabil 1:44–60

    Google Scholar 

  6. Borsa PA, Lephart SM, Irrgang JJ (1998) Comparison of performance-based and patient-reported measures of function in anterior-cruciate-ligament-deficient individuals. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 6:392–399

    Google Scholar 

  7. Brechter JH, Powers CM (2002) Patellofemoral joint stress during stair ascent and descent in persons with and without patellofemoral pain. Gait Posture 2:115–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brindle TJ, Mattacola C, McCrory J (2003) Electromyographic changes in the gluteus medius during stair ascent and descent in subjects with anterior knee pain. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthosc 4:244–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cress ME, Schechtman KB, Mulrow CD, Fiatarone MA, Gerety MB, Buchner DM (1995) Relationship between physical performance and self-perceived physical function. J Am Geriat Soc 2:93–101

    Google Scholar 

  10. Crossley KM, Bennell KL, Cowan SM, Green S (2004) Analysis of outcome measures for persons with patellofemoral pain: which are reliable and valid? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 5:815–822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Elam JT, Graney MJ, Beaver T, el Derwi D, Applegate WB, Miller ST (1991) Comparison of subjective ratings of function with observed functional ability of frail older persons. Am J Public Health 9:1127–1130

    Google Scholar 

  12. Elble RJ, Thomas SS, Higgins C, Colliver J (1991) Stride-dependent changes in gait of older people. J Neurophysiol 1:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fayers PM, Machin D (2002) Quality of life: assessment, analysis and interpretation. Wiley, Chichester, pp 416

  14. Ferrandez AM, Pailhous J, Durup M (1990) Slowness in elderly gait. Exp Aging Res 1–2:79–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Field A (2003) Discovering STATISTICS using SPSS for Windows. Sage Publications, London, pp 496

  16. Guillemin F, Bombardier C, Beaton D (1993) Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: literature review and proposed guidelines. J Clin Epidemiol 12:1417–1432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hefti F, Muller W, Jakob RP, Staubli HU (1993) Evaluation of knee ligament injuries with the IKDC form. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthosc 3–4:226–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hopkins W (2000) Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med 30:1–15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hurley MV, Scott DL, Rees J, Newham DJ (1997) Sensorimotor changes and functional performance in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheumat Dis 11:641–648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Insall JN, Dorr LD, Scott RD, Scott WN (1989) Rationale of the knee society clinical rating system. Clin Orthop Related Res 248:13–14

    Google Scholar 

  21. Irrgang JJ (1999) Development of a health related quality of life instrument to assess physical function related to pathology and impairment of the knee. Health Rehabil Sci. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh

    Google Scholar 

  22. Irrgang JJ, Anderson AF (2002) Development and validation of health-related quality of life measures for the knee. Clinical Orthop Related Res 402:95–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Irrgang JJ, Snyder-Mackler L, Wainner RS, Fu FH, Harner CD (1998) Development of a patient-reported measure of function of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg-Am 8:1132–1145

    Google Scholar 

  24. Jensen MP, Turner JA, Romano JM (1994) What is the maximum number of levels needed in pain intensity measurement? Pain 3:387–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Kämpfen S (2002) Locomotor function before and after total knee arthroplasty. Objective and subjective measurement of functional outcome in relation to patient’s expectations and satisfaction. Orthopaedics. University of Zürich, Zürich

  26. Katz J, Melzack R (1999) Measurement of pain. Surg Clin North Am 2:231–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Marx RG, Jones EC, Allen AA, Altchek DW, O’Brien SJ, Rodeo SA, Williams RJ, Warren RF, Wickiewicz TL (2001) Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of four knee outcome scales for athletic patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 10:1459–1469

    Google Scholar 

  28. Noyes FR, McGinnis GH, Moar LA (1984) Functional disability in the anterior cruciate insufficient knee syndrome. Review of knee rating systems and projected risk factors in determining treatment. Sports Med 278–302

  29. Pantano KJ, Irrgang JJ, Burdett R, Delitto A, Harner C, Fu FH (2001) A pilot study on the relationship between physical impairment and activity restriction in persons with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at long-term follow-up. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthosc 6:369–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Perry J (1992) Stride analysis. In: Perry J (ed) Gait analysis. normal and pathological function. Delmar Learning, Thorofare, pp 431–433

    Google Scholar 

  31. Piva SR, Fitzgerald GK, Irrgang JJ, Bouzubar F, Starz TW (2004) Get up and go test in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2:284–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Powers CM, Ward SR, Chen YJ, Chan LD, Terk MR (2004) Effect of bracing on patellofemoral joint stress while ascending and descending stairs. Clin J Sports Med 4:206–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Reuben DB, Valle LA, Hays RD, Siu AL (1995) Measuring physical function in community-dwelling older persons: a comparison of self-administered, interviewer-administered, and performance-based measures. J Am Geriat Soc 1:17–23

    Google Scholar 

  34. Roos EM, Roos HP, Lohmander LS, Ekdahl C, Beynnon BD (1998) Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)–development of a self-administered outcome measure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2:88–96

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ross MD, Irrgang JJ, Denegar CR, McCloy CM, Unangst ET (2002) The relationship between participation restrictions and selected clinical measures following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthosc 1:10–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Rozzini R, Frisoni GB, Ferrucci L, Barbisoni P, Bertozzi B, Trabucchi M (1997) The effect of chronic diseases on physical function. Comparison between activities of daily living scales and the physical performance test. Age Ageing 4:281–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Sager MA, Dunham NC, Schwantes A, Mecum L, Halverson K, Harlowe D (1992) Measurement of activities of daily living in hospitalized elderly: a comparison of self-report and performance-based methods. J Am Geriat Soc 5:457–462

    Google Scholar 

  38. Samson MM, Crowe A, de Vreede PL, Dessens JA, Duursma SA, Verhaar HJ (2001) Differences in gait parameters at a preferred walking speed in healthy subjects due to age, height and body weight. Aging 1:16–21

    Google Scholar 

  39. SPSS, SPSS for Windows Rel. 11.0.0. (2001) SPSS Inc., Chicago

  40. Streiner DL (1995) Health measurement scales: A practical guide to their development and use. (eds) Oxford University Press Inc., Oxford, pp

  41. Tegner Y, Lysholm J (1985) Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries. Clin Orthop Related Res 198:43–49

    Google Scholar 

  42. Thomee R, Augustsson J, Karlsson J (1999) Patellofemoral pain syndrome: a review of current issues. Sports Med 4:245–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD (1992) The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 6:473–483

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Anne Mannion for her assistance in the review of this manuscript and editorial suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Department, Schulthess Clinic, Lengghalde 2, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland

    M. Bizzini & M. Gorelick

Authors
  1. M. Bizzini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Gorelick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Gorelick.

Additional information

Financial disclosure: all work was solely funded internally.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bizzini, M., Gorelick, M. Development of a German version of the knee outcome survey for daily activities. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 127, 781–789 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-006-0200-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-006-0200-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation