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Association between body weight and composition and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the Diabetes Prevention Program

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Abstract

Objective

We examined associations between body weight and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration (25OHD) in prediabetes and sought to estimate the impact of adiposity on these associations.

Methods

The study was conducted in the placebo (n = 1082) and intensive lifestyle (n = 1079) groups of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), a multicenter trial to prevent type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. Weight and 25OHD were measured at baseline, month 6, years 1 and 2. In a subset (n = 584), visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adiposity were assessed by computed tomography at baseline and year 1.

Results

In cross-sectional analyses, baseline body weight, total fat, VAT, and SAT were inversely associated with plasma 25OHD concentration after multivariable adjustment. VAT accounted for 40 % [95 % CI 11, 69] of the association of body weight with plasma 25OHD concentration. There was no significant contribution by total fat or SAT. Two-year changes in plasma 25OHD concentration varied inversely with changes in body weight (p < 0.0001). One-year changes in total fat, VAT, or SAT were not significant mediators of the association between change in plasma 25OHD concentration and body weight.

Conclusion

Our study found an inverse association between body weight and plasma 25OHD concentration at baseline and over a 2-year period in adults with prediabetes. These findings in the DPP, a weight loss intervention study, raise the possibility that weight loss increases plasma 25OHD concentration. Whether adiposity mediates this association remains inconclusive.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the commitment and dedication of the DPP participants.

Author contributions

L.C, J.W, K.D.A, G.A.B, A.G.P were responsible for the study design. CG conducted the 25OHD assay analysis. J.N was responsible for the statistical analysis. All authors were involved in the interpretation of the data. All authors and the DPP Publications and Ancillary Studies Committees were involved in the critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Box 268, 800, Washington Street, #268, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Lisa Ceglia, Bess Dawson-Hughes & Anastassios G. Pittas

  2. Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Jason Nelson

  3. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    James Ware

  4. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    George A. Bray

  5. Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA

    Cheryl Garganta

  6. Diabetes Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    David M. Nathan

  7. Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Frank B. Hu

  8. Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Frank B. Hu

  9. Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA

    Lisa Ceglia & Bess Dawson-Hughes

  10. Division of Neurology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos

Authors
  1. Lisa Ceglia
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  2. Jason Nelson
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  3. James Ware
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  4. Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
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  5. George A. Bray
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  6. Cheryl Garganta
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  7. David M. Nathan
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  10. Anastassios G. Pittas
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Consortia

Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lisa Ceglia.

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Conflict of interest

None disclosed.

Funding

The present ancillary study was supported by research Grant R01DK79003 (to AGP) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease; UL1RR025752 (to Tufts University) from the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health; a research grant by the Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman Foundation (to LC); the US Department of Agriculture Agreement 58-1950-9001 (to BDH). The parent DPP study was supported by research Grant UO1DK48489 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health to the DPP clinical centers and the Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the DPP study. The Southwestern American Indian Centers were supported directly by the NIDDK, including its Intramural Research Program, and the Indian Health Service. The General Clinical Research Center Program, National Center for Research Resources, supported data collection at many of the clinical centers. Funding was also provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Aging, the National Eye Institute, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, the Office of Research on Women’s Health, the National Center for Minority Health and Human Disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Indian Health Service, and the American Diabetes Association. Lipha (Merck-Sante) provided medication. LifeScan Inc., Merck-Medco Managed Care, Inc., and Merck and Co. donated materials, equipment, or medicines for concomitant conditions.

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The authors of this report are responsible for its content. Statements in the report should not be construed as endorsement by the National Institutes of Health, the US Department of Health and Human Services.

The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, the US Department of Health and Human Services or the above-listed institutions.

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Ceglia, L., Nelson, J., Ware, J. et al. Association between body weight and composition and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Eur J Nutr 56, 161–170 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1066-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1066-z

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