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Dietary palmitic acid modulates intestinal re-growth after massive small bowel resection in a rat

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Abstract

Purpose

Among factors promoting intestinal adaptation after bowel resection, dietary fatty acids have a special role. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of palmitic acid (PA) on early intestinal adaptation in rats with short bowel syndrome (SBS).

Materials

Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent either a bowel transection with re-anastomosis (sham rats) or 75% small bowel resection (SBS rats). Animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups: sham rats fed normal chow (sham-NC); SBS rats fed NC (SBS-NC), SBS rats fed high palmitic acid diet (SBS-HPA), and SBS rats fed low palmitic acid diet (SBS-LPA). Rats were sacrificed on day 14. Parameters of intestinal adaptation, overall bowel and mucosal weight, mucosal DNA and protein, villus height and crypt depth, cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined at sacrifice. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the level of bax and bcl-2 mRNA and protein (parameters of apoptosis), and ERK protein levels (parameter of proliferation). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test followed by post hoc test for multiple comparisons with P values of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results

SBS-HFD rats demonstrated higher bowel and mucosal weight, mucosal DNA and protein in ileum, while deprivation of PA (SBS-LPA) inhibited intestinal re-growth both in jejunum and ileum compared to SBS-NC rats. A significant up-regulation of ERK protein coincided with increased cell proliferation in SBS-HFD rats (vs. SBS-NC). Also, the initial decreased levels of apoptosis corresponded with the early decrease in bax and increase in bcl-2 at both mRNA and protein levels.

Conclusion

Early exposure to HPA both augments and accelerates structural bowel adaptation in a rat model of SBS. Increased cell proliferation and decreased cell apoptosis may be responsible for this effect. Deprivation of PA in the diet inhibits intestinal re-growth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 47 Golomb St., P.O. Box 4940, Haifa, 31048, Israel

    Igor Sukhotnik, Elena Chemodanov & Jorge Mogilner

  2. Section of Pediatric Surgery, Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Igor Sukhotnik, Lili Hayari, Yulia Bashenko, Elena Chemodanov, Jorge Mogilner, Raanan Shamir, Ron Shaoul & Arnold G. Coran

  3. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

    Lili Hayari

  4. Enzymotec, Delivering Lipids, Haifa, Israel

    Fabiana Bar Yosef

Authors
  1. Igor Sukhotnik
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  2. Lili Hayari
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  3. Yulia Bashenko
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  4. Elena Chemodanov
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  5. Jorge Mogilner
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  6. Raanan Shamir
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  7. Fabiana Bar Yosef
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  8. Ron Shaoul
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  9. Arnold G. Coran
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Igor Sukhotnik.

Additional information

I. Sukhotnik and L. Hayari contributed equally to the preparation of this manuscript.

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Sukhotnik, I., Hayari, L., Bashenko, Y. et al. Dietary palmitic acid modulates intestinal re-growth after massive small bowel resection in a rat. Pediatr Surg Int 24, 1313–1321 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-008-2272-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-008-2272-z

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