Abstract
Soil salinization is an abiotic stress factor that can harm plant growth. Root endophytic bacteria may be associated with the resilience of plants to saline–alkaline stress. This study investigated the diversity, composition, and function of endophytic bacterial communities in alfalfa roots under saline–alkali stress, and screened a key bacterial strain associated with saline–alkali resistance. 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that high levels of saline alkalinity significantly reduced the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities and the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial taxa, such as Rhizobiales and Pseudomonas. Long durations of saline–alkali significantly decreased the abundance of predicted functional genes related to nitrogen metabolism in the alfalfa root endophytic bacterial community. Additionally, we isolated a key strain Pseudomonas with saline-alkali tolerance which could colonise roots and considerably improve physiological characteristics and plant growth. We found that colonization with Pseudomonas can considerably enhance plant resistance to saline-alkali stress and that the composition and function of the endophytic bacterial communities in roots likely contribute to plant tolerance to saline-alkali stress.
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Data availability
In this study, the original data of plant height, above-ground weight and chlorophyll content in the short-term control (S_C), short-term of low level saline–alkali treatment (SL_SA), and short-term of high level saline–alkali treatment (SH_SA) treatments in Results “The growth of alfalfa” are all from the laboratory’s previous experimental results. The paper is under review and will be published.
Abbreviations
- PICRUSt:
-
Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states
- LB:
-
Luria-Bertani medium
- PCoA:
-
Principal coordinate analysis
- PERMANOVA:
-
Permutational multivariate analysis of variance analysis
- LEfSe:
-
Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis
- ADF:
-
Leagene ADF medium
- IAA:
-
Indoleacetic acid
- CAT:
-
Catalase activity
- POD:
-
Peroxidase activity
- O2− :
-
Superoxide anion
- GFP:
-
Green fluorescent protein
- CLSM:
-
Confocal laser scanning microscope
- SD:
-
Standard deviation
- PGPB:
-
Plant growth-promoting endosphere bacteria
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We sincerely thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for their constructive and valuable comments to enhance the quality of our manuscript.
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This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. U21A20182; 31972507), Key Scientific and Technological Project of Heilongjiang Province of China (2021ZXJ03B05), Postdoctoral Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (LBH-Z21172), and Graduate Innovation Fund of Harbin Normal University (HSDBSCX2021-105).
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Dihe Yang performed the experiments, analysed and visualised the data, and was a major contributor to writing the original manuscript. Lu Tang performed the experiments, collected samples, and revised the manuscript. Jiaxin Chen performed the sample collection and statistical analyses. Yimeng Shi performed strain screening and colonisation assays. Hao Zhou and Hong Gao performed the experiments and analysed the data. Jian Jin revised the manuscript. Changhong Guo conceived and designed the experiments, and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Yang, D., Tang, L., Chen, J. et al. Strategy of endophytic bacterial communities in alfalfa roots for enhancing plant resilience to saline–alkali stress and its application. Biol Fertil Soils 60, 493–507 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01816-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01816-x