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Evolution of innate immunity: lessons from mammalian models shaping our current view of insect immunity

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Abstract

The innate immune system, a cornerstone for organismal resilience against environmental and microbial insults, is highly conserved across the evolutionary spectrum, underpinning its pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring survival. This review explores the evolutionary parallels between mammalian and insect innate immune systems, illuminating how investigations into these disparate immune landscapes have been reciprocally enlightening. We further delve into how advancements in mammalian immunology have enriched our understanding of insect immune responses, highlighting the intertwined evolutionary narratives and the shared molecular lexicon of immunity across these organisms. Therefore, this review posits a holistic understanding of innate immune mechanisms, including immunometabolism, autophagy and cell death. The examination of how emerging insights into mammalian and vertebrate immunity inform our understanding of insect immune responses and their implications for vector-borne disease transmission showcases the imperative for a nuanced comprehension of innate immunity’s evolutionary tale. This understanding is quintessential for harnessing innate immune mechanisms' potential in devising innovative disease mitigation strategies and promoting organismal health across the animal kingdom.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior- CAPES; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro- FAPERJ E-26/200.628/2022; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)- Brazil. This work was also supported by grants from the Instituto Serrapilheira and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

Funding

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, E-26/200.628/2022, Rafael Silva, Instituto Serrapilheira, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and Signaling, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Rafael Cardoso M. C. Silva & Leonardo H. Travassos

  2. Laboratório de Ovogênese Molecular de Vetores, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Isabela B. Ramos

  3. Instituto Nacional de Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Isabela B. Ramos & Fabio M. Gomes

  4. Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Ana Paula Guzman Mendez & Fabio M. Gomes

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  1. Rafael Cardoso M. C. Silva
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  4. Ana Paula Guzman Mendez
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Silva, R.C.M.C., Ramos, I.B., Travassos, L.H. et al. Evolution of innate immunity: lessons from mammalian models shaping our current view of insect immunity. J Comp Physiol B (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-024-01549-1

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