Abstract
This paper examined the impact of the leaf incision callus developmental status of Populus on the tetraploid production efficiency. Using diploid full-sib progeny [(Populus pseudo-simonii × P. nigra ‘zheyin3#’) × (P. × beijingensis)] as experimental material, leaf explants were gathered from seedlings of five genotypes selected randomly from full-sib hybrid progeny cultured in Murashige and Skoog basal medium with 0.4 mg/L 6-benzyladenine and 0.05 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. The morphological and cytological characteristics of the incision callus (from the callus origin and adventitious bud development) were observed and divided into five stages based on the characteristics of the callus. The incision callus from each of the five stages was treated with 30 mg/L colchicine for 3 days. Then, the polyploidy level of the regenerated plants was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and chromosome number counting. The results indicate that the rate of tetraploid production was significantly correlated with the callus development stage of Populus leaves; the most likely stage for chromosome doubling was Stage II, in which the calli initially formed around the cut end. To validate that callus developmental Stage II was the optimal callus developmental stage for chromosome doubling of diploid full-sib progeny, ten full-sib progeny genotypes were treated with 30 mg/L colchicine for 3 days at Stage II. All ten genotypes of the diploid progeny obtained tetraploid with no mixoploid production; the percentage of tetraploid induction was 7.9–13.2%. There were significant differences in the morphological characteristics of the leaves and roots of diploid and tetraploid plantlets.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdoli M, Moieni A, Badi HN (2013) Morphological, physiological, cytological and phytochemical studies in diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of Echinacea purpurea (L.). Acta Physiol Plant 35:2075–2083
Acanda Y, Martínez Ó, González MV, Prado MJ, Rey M (2015) Highly efficient in vitro tetraploid plant production via colchicine treatment using embryogenic suspension cultures in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Mencía). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 123:547–555
Allario T, Brumos J, Colmenero-Flores JM et al (2011) Large changes in anatomy and physiology between diploid Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) and its autotetraploid are not associated with large changes in leaf gene expression. J Exp Bot 62:2507–2519
Bradshaw HD, Ceulemans R, Davis J, Stettler R (2000) Emerging model systems in plant biology: poplar (Populus) as a model forest tree. J Plant Growth Regul 19:306–313
Broertjes C, Harten AM (1985) Single cell origin of adventitious buds. Euphytica 34:93–95
Broertjes C, Keen A (1980) Adventitious shoots: do they develop from one cell. Euphytica 29:73–87
Cai X (2011) Studies on protoplast culture and in vitro chromosome doubling with leaf explants of Populus spp. Dissertation, Beijing Forestry University
Cai X, Kang XY (2011) In vitro tetraploid induction from leaf explants of Populus pseudo-simonii Kitag. Plant Cell Rep 30:1771–1778
Dahanayake N, Yang YS (2015) In vitro induction of octaploid from colchicine-treated tetraploid petiole explants of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.). Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension p 16
Dai F, Wang Z, Luo G, Tang C (2015) Phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses of autotetraploid and diploid mulberry (Morus alba L.). Int J Mol Sci 16:22938–22956
De Nettancourt D, Dijkhuis P, Van Gastel AJG, Broertjes C (1971) The combined use of leaf irradiation and of the adventitious bud technique for inducing and detecting polyploidy, marker mutations and self-compatibility in clonal populations of Nicotiana alata Link and Otto. Euphytica 20:508–520
Ewald D, Ulrich K, Naujoks G et al (2009) Induction of tetraploid poplar and black locust plants using colchicine: chloroplast number as an early marker for selecting polyploids in vitro. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 99: 353–357
Fan GQ, Cao YC, Zhao ZL, Yang ZQ (2007) Induction of autotetraploid of Paulownia fortunei. Sci Silv Sin 4:4
Galbraith DW, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, Firoozabady E (1983) Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220:1049–1051
Gandonou CH, Errabii T, Abrini J et al (2005) Effect of genotype on callus induction and plant regeneration from leaf explants of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.). Afr J Biotechnol 4:1250–1255
Gu XF, Zhang JR (2005) An efficient adventitious shoot regeneration system for Zhanhua winter jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) using leaf explants. Plant Cell Rep 23:775–779
Huai Z, Zhao H (2013) Evaluation on the regeneration frequency in vitro culture and cell wall composition among 8 Miscanthus sinensis genotypes. J Agric Biotechnol 21:1159–1165
Kang XY, Zhu ZT (2002) Status and role of triploid Populus tomentosa in pulp production in China. J Beijing For Univ 24:51–56
Kathal R, Bhatnagar SP, Bhojwani SS (1992) Chromosome variations in the plants regenerated from leaf explants of Cucumis melo L. cv.‘Pusa sharbati’. Caryologia 45:51–56
Lin YJ, Zhang Q (2005) Optimising the tissue culture conditions for high efficiency transformation of indica rice. Plant Cell Rep 23:540–547
Liu G, Li Z, Bao M (2007) Colchicine-induced chromosome doubling in Platanus acerifolia and its effect on plant morphology. Euphytica 157:145–154
Mathura S, Fossey A, Beck SL (2006) Comparative study of chlorophyll content in diploid and tetraploid black wattle (Acacia mearnsii). Forestry 79:381–388
Mu HZ, Liu ZJ, Lin L, Li HY, Jiang J, Liu GF (2012) Transcriptomic analysis of phenotypic changes in birch (Betula platyphylla) autotetraploids. Int J Mol Sci 13:13012–13029
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Ni Z, Kim ED, Ha M, Lackey E, Liu J, Zhang Y, Chen ZJ (2009) Altered circadian rhythms regulate growth vigor in hybrids and allopolyploids. Nature 457:327
Nilanthi D, Chen XL, Zhao FC, Yang YS, Wu H (2009) Induction of tetraploids from petiole explants through colchicine treatments in Echinacea purpurea L. BioMed Res Int. https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/343485
Rose JB, Kubba J, Tobutt KR (2000) Induction of tetraploidy in Buddleia globosa. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 63:121–125
Saharan V, Yadav RC, Yadav RN, Chapagain BP (2004) High frequency plant regeneration from desiccated calli of indica rice (Oryza Sativa L.). Afr J Biotechnol 3:256–259
Sarkilahti E, Valanne T (1990) Induced polyploidy in Betula. Silv Fenn 24:227–234
Tang ZQ, Chen DL, Song ZJ et al (2010) In vitro induction and identification of tetraploid plants of Paulownia tomentosa. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 102:213–220
Thao NTP, Ureshino K, Miyajima I, Ozaki Y, Okubo H (2003) Induction of tetraploids in ornamental Alocasia through colchicine and oryzalin treatments. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 72:19–25
Thorpe TA (1990) Organogenesis: structural, physiological and biochemical aspects. Plant Aging 186:191–197
Wang J, Li D, Kang X (2012) Induction of unreduced megaspores with high temperature during megasporogenesis in Populus. Ann For Sci 69:59–67
Widoretno W (2016) In vitro induction and characterization of tetraploid Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) plant. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 125: 261–267
Xun HZ, Zhao H (2013) Evaluation on the regeneration frequency in vitro culture and cell wall composition among 8 Miscanthus sinensis Genotypes. J Agric Biotechnol 21:1159
Yadav RC, Saleh MT, Grumet R (1996) High frequency shoot regeneration from leaf explants of muskmelon. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 45:207–214
Yang H, Schmidt H (1994) Selection of a mutant from adventitious shoots formed in X ray treated cherry leaves and differentiation of standard and mutant with RAPDs. Euphytica 77:89–92
Yang S, Lu L, Ni Y (2006) Cloned poplar as a new fibre resource for the Chinese pulp and paper industry. Pulp Paper Canada 107:34–37
Zhang Z, Dai H, Xiao M, Liu X (2008) In vitro induction of tetraploids in Phlox subulata L. Euphytica 159:59–65
Zhang P, Wu F, Kang X (2012) Genotypic variation in wood properties and growth traits of triploid hybrid clones of Populus tomentosa at three clonal trials. Tree Genet Genomes 8:1041–1050
Acknowledgements
This research was funded by a Grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China for Molecular basis of the vegetative growth advantage in allotriploid poplar (31530012), Supported by a Grant from the Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare (201404113) and Supported by Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13047).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, C., Zhang, Y., Huang, Z. et al. Impact of the Leaf Cut Callus Development Stages of Populus on the Tetraploid Production Rate by Colchicine Treatment. J Plant Growth Regul 37, 635–644 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-017-9763-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-017-9763-x