Abstract
A model of a radial phase-locked partially coherent elegant Laguerre–Gaussian (PCELG) beam array has first been introduced in theory. The analytical propagation equation for the cross-spectral density function of a radial phase-locked PCELG beam array in non-Kolmogorov medium has been derived using the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle. The average intensity and spectral degree of coherence properties of a radial phase-locked PCELG beam array propagating in non-Kolmogorov medium have been studied in details using the numerical examples. One can find that the evolution properties of a radial phase-locked PCELG beam array propagating in non-Kolmogorov medium are affected by the initial beam parameters and the non-Kolmogorov medium, and the beam array propagating in non-Kolmogorov medium will evolve into a solid beam with Gaussian-like distribution in the far field.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H.T. Eyyuboğlu, Y. Cai, Non-Kolmogorov spectrum scintillation aspects of dark hollow and flat topped beams. Opt. Commun. 285, 969–974 (2012)
Y. Huang, G. Zhao, Z. Duan, D. He, Z. Gao, F. Wang, Spreading and M-2-factor of elegant Hermite–Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov turbulence. J. Mod. Optic. 58, 912–917 (2011)
F. Wang, X.L. Liu, Y.J. Cai, Propagation of partially coherent beam in turbulent atmosphere: a review. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 150, 123–143 (2015)
Z.-Z. Song, Z.-J. Liu, K.-Y. Zhou, Q.-G. Sun, S.-T. Liu, Propagation factor of electromagnetic concentric rings Schell-model beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Chin. Phys. B 26, 024201 (2017)
X. Wang, M. Yao, X. Yi, Z. Qiu, Z. Liu, Spreading and evolution behavior of coherent vortices of multi-Gaussian Schell-model vortex beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Laser Technol. 87, 99–107 (2017)
M. Tang, D. Zhao, X. Li, J. Wang, Propagation of radially polarized multi-cosine Gaussian Schell-model beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Commun. 407, 392–397 (2018)
H. Zhang, W. Fu, Polarization properties of square multi-Gaussian Schell-model beam propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Optik 134, 161–169 (2017)
Y. Zhou, Y.S. Yuan, J. Qu, W. Huang, Propagation properties of Laguerre–Gaussian correlated Schell-model beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Express 24, 10682–10693 (2016)
J. Yu, Y. Chen, L. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Cai, Splitting and combining properties of an elegant Hermite–Gaussian correlated Schell-model beam in Kolmogorov and non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Express 23, 13467–13481 (2015)
M. Cheng, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhu, J. Gao, W. Dan, Z. Hu, F. Zhao, Effects of non-Kolmogorov turbulence on the orbital angular momentum of Hankel–Bessel–Schell beams. Opt. Laser Technol. 67, 20–24 (2015)
J. Ou, Y. Jiang, J. Zhang, H. Tang, Y. He, S. Wang, J. Liao, Spreading of spiral spectrum of Bessel–Gaussian beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Commun. 318, 95–99 (2014)
Z. Qin, R. Tao, P. Zhou, X. Xu, Z. Liu, Propagation of partially coherent Bessel–Gaussian beams carrying optical vortices in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Laser Technol. 56, 182–188 (2014)
E. Shchepakina, O. Korotkova, Second-order statistics of stochastic electromagnetic beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Express 18, 10650–10658 (2010)
D. Liu, Y. Wang, Properties of a random electromagnetic multi-Gaussian Schell-model vortex beam in oceanic turbulence. Appl. Phys. B 124, 176 (2018)
D. Zhi, R.M. Tao, P. Zhou, Y.X. Ma, W.M. Wu, X.L. Wang, L. Si, Propagation of ring Airy Gaussian beams with optical vortices through anisotropic non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Commun. 387, 157–165 (2017)
M.M. Tang, D.M. Zhao, Regions of spreading of Gaussian array beams propagating through oceanic turbulence. Appl. Opt. 54, 3407–3411 (2015)
L. Lu, Z.Q. Wang, J.H. Zhang, P.F. Zhang, C.H. Qiao, C.Y. Fan, X.L. Ji, Average intensity of M × N Gaussian array beams in oceanic turbulence. Appl. Opt. 54, 7500–7507 (2015)
D. Liu, Y. Wang, Evolution properties of a radial phased-locked partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss array beam in oceanic turbulence. Opt. Laser Technol. 103, 33–41 (2018)
H.L. Liu, Y.F. Lu, J. Xia, D. Chen, W. He, X.Y. Pu, Radial phased-locked partially coherent flat-topped vortex beam array in non-Kolmogorov medium. Opt. Express 24, 19695–19712 (2016)
K.L. Wang, C.H. Zhao, Propagation properties of a radial phased-locked partially coherent anomalous hollow beam array in turbulent atmosphere. Opt. Laser Technol. 57, 44–51 (2014)
Y.P. Huang, P. Huang, F.H. Wang, G.P. Zhao, A.P. Zeng, The influence of oceanic turbulence on the beam quality parameters of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian linear array beams. Opt. Commun. 336, 146–152 (2015)
D. Liu, Y. Wang, H. Zhong, Average intensity of radial phased-locked partially coherent standard Hermite–Gaussian beam in oceanic turbulence. Opt. Laser Technol. 106, 495–505 (2018)
Y. Mao, Z. Mei, J. Gu, Y. Zhao, Radial Gaussian-Schell-model array beams in oceanic turbulence. Appl. Phys. B 123, 111 (2017)
L. Lu, P.F. Zhang, C.Y. Fan, C.H. Qiao, Influence of oceanic turbulence on propagation of a radial Gaussian beam array. Opt. Express 23, 2827–2836 (2015)
H. Xu, Z. Cui, J. Qu, Propagation of elegant Laguerre–Gaussian beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Opt. Express 19, 21163–21173 (2011)
H.D.A. Jeffrey, Handbook of Mathematical Formulas and Integrals (4th Edition) (Academic Press, Cambridge, 2008)
E. Wolf, Unified theory of coherence and polarization of random electromagnetic beams. Phys. Lett. A 312, 263–267 (2003)
G.Q. Zhou, Propagation of a radial phased-locked Lorentz beam array in turbulent atmosphere. Opt. Express 19, 24699–24711 (2011)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11604038, 11875096, 11404048), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (201602062, 201602061) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3132018235, 3132018236).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, D., Zhong, H., Wang, G. et al. Propagation of a radial phase-locked partially coherent elegant Laguerre–Gaussian beam array in non-Kolmogorov medium. Appl. Phys. B 125, 52 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7161-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7161-8