Abstract
A novel structure, thorough analysis and design technique are presented for a kind of polymer Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) electro-optic (EO) switch consisting of two-phase generating couplers (PGCs). By optimizing the PGCs structure, the output spectrum of the two PGCs based MZI EO switch is greatly expanded to almost six times of that of the traditional MZI EO switch with two 3 dB directional couplers. Under a central wavelength of 1550 nm, the driving voltages of the designed switch are as low as about 0 (ON state) and ±0.925 V (OFF state) with an EO region length of 5000 μm. A wide spectrum more than 350 nm (1380∼1730 nm) is achieved, and within this wavelength range, the crosstalk is less than −30 dB, and the insertion loss is less than 5.91 dB which is larger than that of the traditional MZI EO switch due to the longer waveguide length by introducing two PGCs. The design technique on the two PGCs based MZI EO switch is supported to be reasonable compared with the beam propagation method (BPM). The proposed structure shows potential wide applications especially in optical cross-connect (OXC) and optical add-drop multiplexing (OADM) systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Van, W.M.J. Green, Y.A. Vlasov, Opt. Express 17, 23793 (2009)
Z.L. Samson, K.F. MacDonald, F. De Angelis, B. Gholipour, K. Knight, C.C. Huang, E. Di Fabrizio, D.W. Hewak, N.I. Zheludev, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 143105 (2010)
N.S. Ribeiro, A.L. Toazza, C.M. Gallep, E. Conforti, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 21, 769 (2009)
S.C. Cao, J. Noad, L.P. Sun, R. James, D. Coulas, G. Lovell, E. Higgins, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 21, 584 (2009)
X.N. Yan, H. Zou, X.H. Yang, H.F. Zhang, Y. Wang, Laser Technol. 42, 546 (2010)
A. Majkic, G. Poberaj, P. Gunter, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 21, 639 (2009)
Y. Enami, D. Mathine, C.T. DeRose, R.A. Norwood, J. Luo, A.K.Y. Jen, N. Peyghambarian, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 213513 (2009)
C.T. Zheng, C.S. Ma, X. Yan, X.Y. Wang, D.M. Zhang, Opt. Commun. 281, 5998 (2008)
C.J. Van, W.M.J. Green, S. Assefa, Y.A. Vlasov, Opt. Express 17, 24020 (2009)
H.L.R. Lira, S. Manipatruni, M. Lipson, Opt. Express 17, 22271 (2009)
C.T. Zheng, C.S. Ma, X. Yan, X.Y. Wang, D.M. Zhang, Opt. Laser Technol. 42, 457 (2010)
C.T. Zheng, C.S. Ma, X. Yan, X.Y. Wang, D.M. Zhang, Opt. Eng. 48, 054601 (2009)
Y. Enami, C.T. Derose, D. Mathine, C. Loychik, C. Greenlee, R.A. Norwood, T.D. Kim, J. Luo, Y. Tian, A.K.Y. Jen, N. Peyghambarian, Nat. Photon. 1, 180 (2007)
Y. Enami, D. Mathine, C.T. Derose, R.A. Norwood, J. Luo, A.K.Y. Jen, N. Peyghambarian, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 093505 (2007)
C. Pitois, C. Vukmirovic, A. Hult, Macromolecules 32, 2903 (1999)
W.G. Driscoll, W. Vaughan, Handbook of Optics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978)
C.T. Zheng, C.S. Ma, X. Yan, X.Y. Wang, D.M. Zhang, Opt. Commun. 281, 3695 (2008)
O.G. Ramer, J. Quantum Electron. 18, 386 (1982)
C. Sabatier, E. Caquo, J. Quantum Electron. 22, 32 (1986)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zheng, CT., Ma, CS., Yan, X. et al. Design of a spectrum-expanded polymer Mach–Zehnder interferometer electro-optic switch using two-phase generating couplers. Appl. Phys. B 102, 831–840 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4271-8
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4271-8