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Investigation of the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite added with magnesium oxide nanoparticles

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Abstract

(BaFe12O19)1 − x/(MgO)x nanocomposites, with weight fraction x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1, have been synthesized by co-precipitation method followed by high-speed ball-milling techniques. Structural, optical, and magnetic properties have been studied. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of the two pure phases BaFe12O19 and MgO, with the formation of a MgFe2O4 as a minor phase in the nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) followed by high resolution TEM and SAED were used to study the morphology, crystallinity and lattice spacing, respectively. TEM micrographs revealed the co-existence of spherical and nanorod-shaped particles for pure BaFe12O19, and cubic shape for MgO nanoparticles. Raman spectrum for BaFe12O18 showed strong and sharp modes, identifying the formation of barium hexaferrite phase. However, MgO showed two broad peaks attributed to G and D bands. The energy dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscope were performed for elemental analysis and surface topography, respectively. The real elemental compositions matched well with the starting values. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was conducted for the investigation of the elemental compositions and the oxidation states of (Ba2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ Mg2+ and O2−). The magnetic properties like saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, coercivity and squareness ratio have been determined using the M–H loops. These loops revealed the hard ferromagnetic behavior of pure barium hexaferrite and the mixture of ferromagnetism with diamagnetic behavior at high fields for pure MgO. The saturation and remanent magnetizations decreased with the addition of MgO phase. dM/dH curves showed a weak magnetic coupling between the hard magnetic BaFe12O19 and the soft magnetic MgFe2O4.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Authors declare their genuine gratitude and appreciation to Faculty of Science at Alexandria University in Egypt, Central Metallurgical Research & Development Institute (Helwan, Egypt) and Advanced Materials Science Lab at BAU (Debbieh, Lebanon).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Majed Sharrouf & Khulud Habanjar

  2. Department of Physics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    R. Awad

Authors
  1. Majed Sharrouf
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  2. R. Awad
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  3. Khulud Habanjar
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Contributions

MS performed the measurements, processed the experimental data, and drafted the manuscript. Prof RA and Dr. KH were involved in planning and supervised the work. Prof RA and Dr. KH discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Khulud Habanjar.

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Sharrouf, M., Awad, R. & Habanjar, K. Investigation of the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite added with magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. A 129, 807 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-07079-x

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