Skip to main content
Log in

Insights into fractal feature evolution from Au/Ge thin films after annealing

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We report a perplexing behavior of fractal shape transition that results from a change in the annealing temperature and time or the film thickness ratio. We find that a compact-to-open fractal shape transition can be induced by increasing the annealing temperature and time or decreasing the thickness ratio of the Au and Ge films. This behavior is not completely consistent with what is predicted by theories based on diffusion-limited aggregation and previous experimental observations. In this new system, we find that fractal shape transitions are truly dominated by the random-successive nucleation and growth mechanism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Mastsushita, M. Sano, Y. Hayakana, H. Honjo, Y. Sawada: Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 286 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. R. Brady, R. Ball: Nature (London) 309, 225 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  3. L. Niemeyer, L. Pietronero, H.J. Wiesmann: Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1033 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Honjo, S. Ohta, M. Mastushita: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 55, 2487 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. Nittmann, G. Daccord, H.E. Stanly: Nature (London) 314, 141 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  6. L. Paterson: Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1621 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W.T. Elam, S.A. Wolf, J. Sprague, D.U. Gubser, D. van Vechten, G.L. Barz, Jr., P. Meakin: Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 701 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. G. Yu, S.T. Lee, J.K.L. Lai: Phys. Rev. B 57, 13573 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. G. Radnoczi, T. Vicsek, L.M. Sander, D. Grier: Phys. Rev. A 35, 4012 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. G. Deutscher, Y. Lereah: Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1510 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. T.A. Witten, L.M. Sander: Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 1400 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. T.A. Witten, L.M. Sander: Phys. Rev. B 27, 5686 (1983)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. L.M. Sander: Nature (London) 322, 789 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  14. X. Zheng, Z.Q. Wu: Z. Phys. B 73, 129 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  15. L.S. Bi, Z.Q. Wu: Phys. Rev. B 41, 11591 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. I.S. Hwang, T.C. Chang, T.T. Tsong: Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4229 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. T.C. Chang, I.S. Hwang, T.T. Tsong: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1191 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. B.G. Liu, J. Wu, E.G. Wang, Z.Y. Zhang: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1195 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J.Z. Duan, Z.Q. Wu: Solid State Commun. 64, 1 (1987)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. J.Z. Duan, Z.Q. Wu: J. Microsc. 148, 149 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  21. J.G. Hou, Z.Q. Wu: Phys. Rev. B 40, 1008 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. J.G. Hou, Z.Q. Wu: Phys. Rev. B 42, 3271 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Z.W. Chen, X.P. Wang, S. Tan, S.Y. Zhang, J.G. Hou, Z.Q. Wu: Phys. Rev. B 63, 165413 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. S.Y. Zhang, X.P. Wang, Z.W. Chen, Z.Q. Wu, N.Y. Jin-Phillipp, M. Kelsch, F. Phillipp: Phys. Rev. B 60, 5904 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Z.W. Chen, S.Y. Zhang, S. Tan, J.G. Hou, Y.H. Zhang, H. Sekine: J. Appl. Phys. 89, 783 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Z.W. Chen, S.Y. Zhang, S. Tan, J.G. Hou, Y.H. Zhang: Thin Solid Films 322, 194 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Z.W. Chen, S.Y. Zhang, S. Tan, J.G. Hou, Y.H. Zhang: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 16, 2292 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. F. Oki, Y. Ogawa, Y. Fujiki: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 8, 1056 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  29. J.R. Bosnell, U.C. Voisey: Thin Solid Films 6, 161 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. M.H. Brodsky, D. Turnbull: Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 16, 304 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  31. S.R. Herd, P. Chaudhari, M.H. Brodsky: J. Non-Cryst. Solids 7, 309 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. T.J. Konno, R. Sinclair: Philos. Mag. B 66, 749 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  33. S.W. Russell, J. Li, J.W. Mayer: J. Appl. Phys. 70, 5153 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Y. Leriah, G. Deutscher, E. Grübaun: Phys. Rev. A 44, 8316 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. A. Sugawara, Y. Kuwana, O. Nittono: Thin Solid Films 251, 10 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Z. Zhang, M.G. Lagally: Science 276, 377 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. H. Röder, E. Hahn, H. Brune, J.P. Bucher, K. Kern: Nature (London) 366, 141 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  38. H. Röder, K. Bromann, H. Brune, K. Kern: Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3217 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. T. Michely, M. Hohage, G. Comsa: In Surface Diffusion: Atomistic and Collective Processes, ed. by M.C. Tringides, M. Scheffler, NATO ASI Series (Plenum Press, New York 1998)

  40. W.T. Xu, J.G. Hou, Z.Q. Wu: Solid State Commun. 107, 557 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. B. Bian, T. Tanaka, T. Ohkubo, Y. Hirotsu: Philos. Mag. A 78, 157 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. B. Bian, J. Yie, B.Q. Li, Z.Q. Wu: J. Appl. Phys. 73, 7402 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Z.W. Chen.

Additional information

PACS

61.43.Hv; 68.55.-a; 81.05.Gc

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, Z., Zhang, S., Tan, S. et al. Insights into fractal feature evolution from Au/Ge thin films after annealing. Appl Phys A 78, 603–606 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2164-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2164-y

Keywords

Navigation