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Revisiting and modelling the woodland farming system of the early Neolithic Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), 5600–4900 b.c.

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Abstract

This article presents the conception and the conceptual results of a modelling representation of the farming systems of the Linearbandkeramik Culture (LBK). Assuming that there were permanent fields (PF) then, we suggest four ways that support the sustainability of such a farming system over time: a generalized pollarding and coppicing of trees to increase the productivity of woodland areas for foddering more livestock, which itself can then provide more manure for the fields, a generalized use of pulses grown together with cereals during the same cropping season, thereby reducing the needs for manure. Along with assumptions limiting bias on village and family organizations, the conceptual model which we propose for human environment in the LBK aims to be sustainable for long periods and can thereby overcome doubts about the PFs hypothesis for the LBK farming system. Thanks to a reconstruction of the climate of western Europe and the consequent vegetation pattern and productivity arising from it, we propose a protocol of experiments and validation procedures for both testing the PFs hypothesis and defining its eco-geographical area.

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Acknowledgments

This research has been supported by the ANR project OBRESOC (Dir. J.-P. Bocquet-Appel) - A retrospective observatory of an archaeological society: the trajectory of the LBK Neolithic (convention ANR-09-CEP-004-01/OBRESOC). M. Saqalli, A. Salavert, S. Bréhard and R. Bendrey were funded by post-doctoral fellowships from this project. Parts of the scientific investigations on the OBRESOC project were conducted by MS as postdoctoral scientist and member of the International Centre REEDS at the Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

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Saqalli, M., Salavert, A., Bréhard, S. et al. Revisiting and modelling the woodland farming system of the early Neolithic Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), 5600–4900 b.c. . Veget Hist Archaeobot 23 (Suppl 1), 37–50 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-014-0436-4

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