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Extensive microphytobenthos mats of invasive Vaucheria aff. compacta and abiotic environmental factors influencing its abundance in Adventfjorden tidal flat, Svalbard

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Abstract

Arctic coastline ecosystems are affected by current sea level rise together with increasing anthropogenic and environmental physical and biogeochemical pressures. Changes in nutrient concentrations followed by changes in primary productivity and biodiversity are also connected with the growth of global trade, urbanization, and travel activity. All these anthropogenic activities create biotic homogenization. The occurrence of massive extensive mats of the yellow-green alga Vaucheria aff. compacta is a unique phenomenon in the High Arctic tidal flat ecosystem. The objective of this study was to outline which physicochemical conditions are connected with the massive presence of V. aff. compacta mats across the Adventfjorden tidal flat. The Adventfjorden tidal flat is a very dynamic system. Fine silt sediment (68% to 80%) dominates across the studied tidal flat. The sediment cover of V. aff. compacta mats was always very thin and felt-like coatings can grow out. Beneath the V. aff. compacta mats a second distinct layer of dead filaments were observed in the black and anoxic mud layer. V. aff. compacta area cover was positively correlated with water salinity, pH, temperature, and sediment Na and organic carbon content. In addition, potential abiotic factors related with the local distribution and abundance of V. aff. compacta showed positive correlations between area cover and N-nitrate and P-phosphate. N-nitrate concentration appears to significantly promote V. aff. compacta abundance. V. aff. compacta distribution and abundance in the Adventfjorden tidal flat is influenced by a wide spectrum of environmental and structural variables including anthropogenically induced micronutrients.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic [projects LTAIN 19139, EF16_013/0001782 – SoWa Ecosystems Research]; by the Czech Science Foundation [project 22-08680L], and by the Czech Academy of Sciences [long-term research development project No. RVO 67985939]. We thank the personnel of the Czech Arctic Research Infrastructure in Svalbard for logistic support, personnel of the Chemical laboratory of the Institute of Hydrobiology BC CAS in České Budějovice and the Analytical Laboratory of the Institute of Botany CAS in Třeboň and Průhonice, Jana Šnohousová for laboratory support and Dr. Keith Edwards for reviewing our manuscript and language corrections.

Funding

Ministerstvo Školství,Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, LTAIN 19139, Grantová Agentura České Republiky, 22-08680L, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, RVO 67985939

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  1. Faculty of Science, Centre for Polar Ecology, University of South Bohemia, Na Zlaté stoce 3, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Claude-Eric Souquieres, Jana Kvíderová & Josef Elster

  2. Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Algology, Dukelská 135, 379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic

    Jana Kvíderová & Josef Elster

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C-ES, JK and JE conceived and designed research, conducted field work and experiments/measurements and processed data. C-ES and JK performed statistical analyses and prepared all figures. C-ES, JK and JE wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Souquieres, CE., Kvíderová, J. & Elster, J. Extensive microphytobenthos mats of invasive Vaucheria aff. compacta and abiotic environmental factors influencing its abundance in Adventfjorden tidal flat, Svalbard. Polar Biol 46, 1307–1320 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03203-y

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