Abstract
Key message
Dynamic organization of actin and microtubule cytoskeletons directs a distinct expansion behavior of cotton fiber initiation from cell elongation.
Abstract
Cotton fibers are highly elongated single cells derived from the ovule epidermis. Although actin and microtubule (MT) cytoskeletons have been implicated in cell elongation and secondary wall deposition, their roles in fiber initiation is poorly understood. Here, we used fluorescent probes and pharmacological approaches to study the roles of these cytoskeletal components during cotton fiber initiation. Both cytoskeletons align along the growth axis in initiating fibers. The dorsal view of ovules shows that unlike the fine actin filaments (AFs) in nonfiber cells, the AFs in fiber cells are dense and bundled. MTs are randomized in fiber cells and well-ordered in nonfiber cells. The pharmacological experiments revealed that the depolymerization of AFs and MTs assisted fiber initiation. Both AF stabilization and depolymerization inhibited fiber elongation. In contrast, the proper depolymerization of MTs promoted cell elongation, although the MT-stabilizing drug consistently resulted in a negative effect. Notably, we found that the organization of AFs was correlated with MT dynamics. Stabilizing the MTs by taxol treatment promoted the formation of AF bundles (in fiber initials) and transversely aligned AFs (in elongating fibers), whereas depolymerizing the MTs by oryzalin treatment promoted the fragmentation of AFs. Collectively, our data indicates that MTs plays a crucial role in regulating AF organization and early development of cotton fibers.
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Data availability statement
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Abbreviations
- AF:
-
Actin filament
- cMT:
-
Cortical microtubule
- DMSO:
-
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPA:
-
Days post-anthesis
- GA3 :
-
Gibberellic acid potassium salt
- IAA:
-
Indole-3-acetic acid sodium salt
- LatB:
-
Latrunculin B
- MDZ:
-
Microtubule-depleting zone
- MT:
-
Microtubule
- TIBA:
-
2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Dr. Huanquan Zheng, McGill University, Canada, for the kind gifts of Lifeact:eYFP and mCherry:MAP4 constructs and valuable comments on the manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant No. 31871676 to MZ), the Chongqing Youth Top Talent Program (CQYC202005050 to MZ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. XDJK2020C050 to JZ and XDJK2020B040 to MZ), the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0110 to MZ), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2020M673104 and 2021T140569 to JZ) and the Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. cstc2020jcyj-bshX0019 to JZ).
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MZ and YP designed the experiments. JZ, JX, BL, MZ, XY, YD and YW performed the experiments and analyzed the data. MZ, JZ, YP and YX wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Zeng, J., Xi, J., Li, B. et al. Microtubules play a crucial role in regulating actin organization and cell initiation in cotton fibers. Plant Cell Rep 41, 1059–1073 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-022-02837-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-022-02837-2