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Influence of citronella essential oil and TiO2 nanoparticles on the optical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blended films and nanofibers

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Abstract

In the current study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) casted films and electrospun nanofibers blended with chitosan (CS), citronella essential oil (CEO) and/or titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) have been fabricated. Smooth surfaces of PVA, PVA/CS and PVA/CS/CEO casted films were observed while a rough surface can be seen for the TiO2 containing casted film. Electrospun nanofibers have well-defined fibrous structures with a homogeneous distribution of the additives. PVA/CS/TiO2 nanofibers have the smallest average diameter of 75 nm. The light barrier highly affected by the preparation method. Casted films transparency was affected slightly by film composition where the film containing TiO2 has the lowest value of 2.17, and the highest value was 2.77 for PVA/CS film. Electrospun nanofibers are almost opaque in the UV and visible ranges, and moreover, incorporation of TiO2 and CEO improved the UV light shielding, and thus, they can be used for protection against the light-induced oxidation processes. In general, electrospun nanofibers exhibited lower mechanical properties than those fabricated by solution casting. The highest value of tensile strength and elastic modulus was for PVA/CS/TiO2 while the highest value of elongation at break was recorded for PVA. For the thermal stability and regardless the fabrication technique, the neat PVA had the highest values of T10 and T50 where the maximum char residue was recorded for PVA/CS/TiO2. The varied fabrics’ morphological, optical, mechanical and thermal characteristics using different fabrication methods can widen the engineered possibilities to cover a wider range of applications as, for example, food packaging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Engineering and Packaging Department, Food Technology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    Entsar S. Abdou

  2. Materials testing and surface chemical analysis laboratory, National Institute of Standards, Tersa Street, El-Haram, El-Giza, 12211, Egypt

    Ahmed Abdel-Hakim

  3. Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt

    Rania E. Morsi

  4. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto ISOF, 40129, Bologna, Italy

    Rania E. Morsi

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Abdou, E.S., Abdel-Hakim, A. & Morsi, R.E. Influence of citronella essential oil and TiO2 nanoparticles on the optical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blended films and nanofibers. Polym. Bull. 81, 7943–7961 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-023-05081-0

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