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Structural Characterization and Functional Studies of Exopolysaccharide by Native Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus P14 Isolated from the Moroccan Region

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Abstract

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are natural polymers synthesized by several microorganisms, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB). They are characterized by a great structural diversity, which gives them interesting biological and pharmacological properties. This work investigates the physicochemical and biological characterization of a new exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by a wild Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus P14. The functional groups, chemical bonds, and thermal and morphological properties of the purified EPS-P14 were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopies, as well as Thermo-gravimetric analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The functional properties, namely antioxidant and emulsifying activities, were also assessed. The physicochemical analysis revealed that EPS-P14 is a porous and thermally stable polysaccharide with a degradation temperature of 307 °C. NMR and FT-IR studies identified it as a homogeneous α-D-glucan with mainly α-(1 → 6) glycosidic linkage and some α-(1 → 3) branching. EPS-P14 was highly water-soluble and exhibited strong emulsifying and stabilizing properties in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, EPS-P14 demonstrated significant DPPH scavenging and ferric-reducing capacities. These findings suggest that EPS-P14 is a bioactive polysaccharide with potential effects, which could be a promising natural candidate for prospective application.

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Funding

The authors are grateful to the National Centre of Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST, Rabat, Morocco) for supporting this work and to the Euromed University of Fes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Science Dhar Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, P.B 1796, Atlas Fez, Morocco

    Akhtach Sihame & Belkhou Rajae

  2. Euromed Research Center, Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed University of Fes, Eco-Campus, Campus UEMF, BP 51 Meknes Road, 30 030, Fes, Morocco

    Tabia Zakaria & Mabrouk El Khalil

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  1. Akhtach Sihame
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SA, KE, and RB contributed to the study conception and design. SA performed experiments and wrote the manuscript, and ZT helped in analyzing and interpreting the characterization data and performed statistical analyses. All the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mabrouk El Khalil.

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Sihame, A., Zakaria, T., Khalil, M.E. et al. Structural Characterization and Functional Studies of Exopolysaccharide by Native Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus P14 Isolated from the Moroccan Region. Curr Microbiol 81, 96 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-024-03611-1

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