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Co-Occurrence Patterns of Soil Fungal and Bacterial Communities in Subtropical Forest-Transforming Areas

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Abstract

Soil microbial communities are engineers of important biogeochemical processes and play a critical role in regulating the functions and stability of forest ecosystem. However, few studies have assessed microbial interactions during forest conversion, which is essential to the understanding of the structure and function of soil microbiome. Herein, we investigated the co-occurrence network pattern and putative functions of fungal and bacterial communities in forest-transforming areas (five sites that cover the typical forests) using high-throughput sequencing of the ITS genes and 16S rRNA. Our study showed that the bacterial network had higher average connectivity and more links than fungal network, which might indicate that the bacterial community had more complex internal interactions compared with fungal one. Alphaproteobacteria_unclassfied, Telmatobacter, 0319-6A21 and Latescibacteria_unclassfied were the keystone taxa in bacterial network. For the fungal community network, the keystone taxon was Ceratobasidium. A structural equation model indicated that the available potassium and total organic carbon were important soil environmental factors, which affected all microbial modules, including bacterial and fungi. Total nitrogen had significant effects on the bacterial module that contains a relatively rich group of nitrogen cycling functions, and pH influenced the bacterial module which have higher potential functions of carbon cycling. And, more fungal modules were directly affected by forest structure (S Tree) compared with bacterial ones. This study provides new insights into our understanding of the feedback of underground creatures to forest conversion and highlights the importance of microbial modules in the nutrient cycling process.

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Data Availability

ITS genes and 16S rRNA Illumina sequence reads were deposited in NCBI SRA under BioProject ID PRJNA388530.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant No. 31560143, 31660149 and 31971470). The authors thank Ruichang Shen (Nanchang University) for examination of a part of the experimental conditions; Yantian Ma (Nanchang University) for helpful discussions; We also wish to thank Mr. Guobing Wang and Mr. Zeping Yu of the Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve for his assistance with the sampling in the field.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant No. 31560143, 31660149 and 31971470).

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  1. Yajun Liu and Xin Jin contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Yajun Liu, Xin Jin, Shihao Huang, Yizhen Liu, Zhaoyu Kong, Lan Wu & Gang Ge

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Contributions

Study concept and design: GG and LW. Analysis and interpretation of data: YL and XJ. Drafting of the manuscript: YL. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: ZK and YL. Statistical analysis: SH. Obtained funding: GG. Study supervision: LW.

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Correspondence to Lan Wu.

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Liu, Y., Jin, X., Huang, S. et al. Co-Occurrence Patterns of Soil Fungal and Bacterial Communities in Subtropical Forest-Transforming Areas. Curr Microbiol 81, 64 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03608-2

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