Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

d-dimer increase: an unfavorable factor for patients with primary liver cancer treated with TACE

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To explore the clinical significance of plasma d-dimer increase for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC).

Methods

The clinical data of 80 PLC patients who underwent TACE in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were collected, including the plasma d-dimer level 1 week before TACE (D0), d-dimer level 1 month after TACE (D1) and d-dimer level when the disease begins to progress (D2). 1 Month after TACE, these patients were divided into two groups according to the mRecist criteria: disease-controlled group (CR + PR + SD) and disease-progressing group (PD). In all subjects, progression-free survival (PFS) was recorded. D0 and D1 were compared between the two groups by the rank sum test; and the relation between d-dimer level and PFS was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier test and Breslow test.

Results

In the disease-controlled group, there was no significant difference between D0 and D1 (P > 0.05); in the disease-progressing group, D1 was significantly higher than D0 (P < 0.05) and the D1 is higher than that in disease-controlled group. In the patients with a negative D1 or D2, PFS was longer than those with a positive level (both P < 0.05), but such difference was not statistically significant in D0 (P > 0.05). In the patients with a d-dimer level increase after TACE (group 3), PFS was shorter than that in those with a d-dimer level decrease after TACE (Group 1) and that in those with a relatively stable d-dimer level before and after TACE (Group 2) (P < 0.05); survival in Group 1 was slightly but not significantly longer than that in Group 2 (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

The change in plasma d-dimer level can be used as a biological index to assess the efficacy of TACE and prognosis for PLC patients, and thus, a positive d-dimer level or d-dimer increase after TACE is an unfavorable factor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lafaro KJ, Demirjian AN, Pawlik TM (2015) Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 24(1):1–17

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu Z, Guo H, Gao F et al (2017) Fibrinogen and d-dimer levels elevate in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: high pretreatment fibrinogen levels predict poor outcomes. Hepatol Res 47(11):1108–1117

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kvolik S, Jukic M, Matijevic M et al (2010) An Overview of coagulation disorders in cancer patients. Surg Oncol 19(1):e33–e46

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Vincenzi B, Di Maio M, Silletta M et al (2015) Prognostic relevance of objective response according to EASL criteria and mRECIST criteria in primary liver cancer patients treated with loco-regional therapies: a literature-based meta-analysis. PLoS One 10(7):e0133488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. van den Berg YW, Osanto S, Reitsma PH et al (2012) The relationship between tissue factor and cancer progression: insights from bench and bedside. Blood 119(4):924–932

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Go SI, Lee MJ, Lee WS (2015) d-Dimer can serve as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for metastatic gastric cancer treated by chemotherapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 94(30):e951

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Abdel-Razeq H, Albadainah F, Hijjawi S et al (2011) Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized cancer patients: prophylaxis failure or failure to prophylax! J Thromb Thrombolysis 31(1):107–112

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lyman GH, Khorana AA (2009) Cancer, clots and consensus: new understanding of an old problem. J Clin Oncol 27(29):4821–4826

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Falanga A, Panove-Noeva M, Russo L (2009) Procoagulant mechanism in tumor-cells. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 22(1):49–60

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhou YX, Yang ZM, Feng J et al (2013) High plasma d-dimer level is associated with decreased survival in patients with lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 34(6):3701–3704

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Diao D, Wang Z, Cheng Y et al (2014) d-dimer: not just an indicator of venous thrombosis but a predictor of asymptomatic hematogenous metastasis in gastric cancer patients. PLoS One 9(7):e101125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Sakurai M, Satoh T, Matsumoto K et al (2015) High pretreatment plasma d-dimer levels are associated with poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer independently of venous thromboembolism and tumor extension. Int J Gynecol Cancer 25(4):593–598

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Stender MT, Larsen TB, Sorensen HT et al (2012) Pre-TACE plasma d-dimer predicts 1-year survival in colorectal cancer patients with absence of venous thromboembolism (VTE): a prospective clinical cohort study. J Thromb Haemost 10(10):2027–2031

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Diao D, Zhu K, Wang Z et al (2013) Prognostic value of the d-dimer test in esophageal cancer during the perioperative period. J Surg Oncol 108(1):34–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Mego M, Karaba M, Minarik G et al (2015) Relationship between circulating tumor cells, blood coagulation, and urokinase-plasminogen-activator system in early breast cancer patients. Breast J 21(2):155–160

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ge LP, Li J, Bao QL et al (2015) Prognostic and predictive value of plasma d-dimer in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 17(1):57–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Inanc M, Er O, Karaca H et al (2013) d-dimer is a marker of response to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J BUON 18(2):391–397

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu P, Wang Y, Tong L et al (2015) Elevated pre-TACE plasma d-dimer level is a useful predictor of chemoresistance and poor disease outcome for serous ovarian cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 76(6):1163–1171

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ay C, Dunkler D, Pirker R et al (2012) High d-dimer levels are associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Haematologica 97(8):1158–1164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Diao D, Zhu K, Wang Z et al (2013) Prognostic value of the d-dimer test in oesophageal cancer during the perioperative period. J Surg Oncol 108(1):34–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was not founded by any grants.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

    Xujiao Chen, Zhihui Chang & Zhaoyu Liu

Authors
  1. Xujiao Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhihui Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zhaoyu Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhaoyu Liu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, X., Chang, Z. & Liu, Z. d-dimer increase: an unfavorable factor for patients with primary liver cancer treated with TACE. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 83, 797–802 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-019-03778-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-019-03778-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation