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Plant growth promotion by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 under saline stress: role of eptA

  • Environmental biotechnology
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Abstract

New strategies to improve crop yield include the incorporation of plant growth-promoting bacteria in agricultural practices. The non-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is an excellent root colonizer of crops of agronomical importance and has been shown to activate the induced systemic resistance of plants in response to certain foliar pathogens. In this work, we have analyzed additional plant growth promotion features of this strain. We show it can tolerate high NaCl concentrations and determine how salinity influences traits such as the production of indole compounds, siderophore synthesis, and phosphate solubilization. Inoculation with P. putida KT2440 significantly improved seed germination and root and stem length of soybean and corn plants under saline conditions compared to uninoculated plants, whereas the effects were minor under non-saline conditions. Also, random transposon mutagenesis was used for preliminary identification of KT2440 genes involved in bacterial tolerance to saline stress. One of the obtained mutants was analyzed in detail. The disrupted gene encodes a predicted phosphoethanolamine-lipid A transferase (EptA), an enzyme described to be involved in the modification of lipid A during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. This mutant showed changes in exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, low salinity tolerance, and reduced competitive fitness in the rhizosphere.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Dr. Priscilla R. de Gregorio for help with the statistical analysis and useful suggestions to the manuscript.

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The funders had no role in the experimental design, data collection, interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

Funding

This work was supported by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT; grant PICT 2222) and Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET; grant PIP 908/15) and partly supported by EMHE-CSIC (grant MHE200019) and Plan Estatal de I + D + I (MINECO and EFRD funds, grant BFU2016–80122-P).

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  1. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT) and Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr. Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Stefanie B. Costa-Gutierrez, María Jesús Lami, María Carolina Caram-Di Santo, Ana M. Zenoff, Paula A. Vincent & Ricardo E. de Cristóbal

  2. Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain

    María Antonia Molina-Henares & Manuel Espinosa-Urgel

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  1. Stefanie B. Costa-Gutierrez
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Costa-Gutierrez, S.B., Lami, M.J., Santo, M.C.CD. et al. Plant growth promotion by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 under saline stress: role of eptA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104, 4577–4592 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10516-z

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