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Changes in signal intensity in the dentate nucleus at unenhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging depending on class of previously used gadolinium-based contrast agent

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Abstract

Background

Signal increase on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the dentate nucleus has been reported in adults after multiple injections of gadolinium-based contrast agents. Linear contrast agents are more prone to cause this increase. Studies in children are still rare and focus mostly on the analysis of one single agent.

Objective

To compare signal intensity chances in children after more than four injections of either only linear or only macrocyclic contrast agents.

Materials and methods

Seventy children (examined from October 2001 to February 2016) were included in this retrospective study. Signal intensities in the dentate nucleus and pons were measured on non-enhanced T1-weighted images from the first and last MRI scans. A two-sample t-test compared the dentate nucleus-to-pons signal intensity ratio differences for linear versus macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent applications and also the number of applications (4-8, 9-12 or >12). Patients’ charts were analysed to evaluate potentially associated neurological symptoms.

Results

Patients had contrast-enhanced MRI using either only linear (n=16) or only macrocyclic (n=54) gadolinium-based contrast agents. In patients with >12 injections, dentate nucleus-to-pons signal intensity ratio was statistically different concerning the contrast agent class (0.16±0.125 for macrocyclic vs. 0.0005±0.13 for linear agents). For linear agents, a statistically significant increase was found between 4-8 injections (-0.051±0.087) and >12 injections (0.16±0.125). No neurological symptoms were recorded in patients with signal changes.

Conclusion

Multiple injections of linear gadolinium-based contrast agents lead to a signal increase of the dentate nucleus in children. Signal intensity increases depend on the number of injections of linear contrast agents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45133, Essen, Germany

    Eileen Kasper, Haemi Phaedra Schemuth, Samantha Horry & Sonja Kinner

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  1. Eileen Kasper
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  2. Haemi Phaedra Schemuth
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  3. Samantha Horry
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  4. Sonja Kinner
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Correspondence to Sonja Kinner.

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Kasper, E., Schemuth, H.P., Horry, S. et al. Changes in signal intensity in the dentate nucleus at unenhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging depending on class of previously used gadolinium-based contrast agent. Pediatr Radiol 48, 686–693 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-018-4080-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-018-4080-5

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