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An insight investigation to the antiurolithic activity of Trachyspermum ammi using the in vitro and in vivo experiments

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Abstract

The crude extract of Trachyspermum ammi seeds (Ta.Cr) was studied for its antiurolithic activity using the in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the in vivo experiments, Ta.Cr treatment showed a diuretic activity at the dose of 30 and 100 mg/kg and exhibited curative effect in male hyperoxaluric Wistar rats, which received 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) in drinking water given for 3 weeks, with 1% ammonium chloride (AC) for initial three days. In the in vitro experiments, Ta.Cr delayed the slopes of nucleation and inhibited the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner like that of potassium citrate. Ta.Cr also inhibited DPPH free radicals like standard antioxidant drug butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and significantly reduced cell toxicity and LDH release in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, exposed to oxalate (0.5 mM) and COM (66 µg/cm2) crystals. In isolated rabbit urinary bladder strips, Ta.Cr relaxed high K+ (80 mM) and CCh (1 µM)-induced contractions, showing antispasmodic activity. The findings of this study suggest that the antiurolithic activity of crude extract of Trachyspermum ammi seeds may be mediated by a number of mechanisms, including a diuretic, an inhibitor of CaOx crystal aggregation, an antioxidant, renal epithelial cell protection, and an antispasmodic, thus, showing the therapeutic potential in urolithiasis, for which there is no viable non-invasive option in modern medicine.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan as (i) Indigenous M.Phill/PhD and (ii) International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP) scholarships awarded to Aslam Khan for carrying out research at Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan and Center for the Study of Lithiasis, Colleges of Medicine, University of Florida, Fl, USA, respectively.

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  1. Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, 13 KM Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan

    Aslam Khan

  2. Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan

    Aslam Khan & Anwar H. Gilani

  3. Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Constitution Avenue, G-5, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Anwar H. Gilani

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Dr. Anwarul-Hassan Gilani, supervised the research work and critically revise and correct the manuscript. Dr. Aslam Khan, did the experimental work and wrote the first draft of the mannuscript.

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Khan, A., Gilani, A.H. An insight investigation to the antiurolithic activity of Trachyspermum ammi using the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Urolithiasis 51, 43 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-023-01415-9

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