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Reduced n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids dietary content expected with global change reduces the metabolic capacity of the golden grey mullet

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Abstract

In this study, we hypothesised that a reduction in n-3 HUFA availability for higher consumers, as expected with global change, would negatively impact the physiological performances of fish. The aim was to experimentally evaluate the effect of n-3 HUFA dietary content on cardio-respiratory performances of the golden grey mullet (Liza aurata), a microalgae grazer of high ecological importance in European coastal areas. These performances were evaluated in terms of critical swimming speed U crit, associated oxygen consumption MO2, post-exercise oxygen consumption and calcium fluxes in cardiomyocytes. Two replicated groups of fish were fed on a rich (standard diet, SD diet: 1.2 % n-3 HUFA on dry matter basis, DMB) or a poor n-3 HUFA (low n-3 HUFA diet, LD diet: 0.2 % n-3 HUFA on DMB) diet during 5 months and were called SD and LD groups, respectively. The results showed that the LD diet reduced growth rate as well as the aerobic capacity of L. aurata at 20 °C, suggesting that fish may have to save energy by modifying the proportion of energy allocated to energy-demanding activities, such as digestion or feeding. In addition, this LD diet induced higher levels of haematocrit and plasma osmolality, indicating a stress response at the second and third levels in that group. However, the LD diet caused a massive increase in swimming efficiency. This should improve the capacity of L. aurata to migrate and to forage over a wide area. In turn, these could then compensate for the reduction in growth rate and aerobic metabolism.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Action Initiative of the University of La Rochelle to Marie Vagner (postdoctoral fellowship). The authors are very grateful to Andrea Satta and Fabio Antagnarelli for supplying fish, to Michel Prineau for his technical help and to David Akbar and Marie Durollet for their help with cellular analysis and microscopy.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare and note that the sponsors of the issue had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut du Littoral et de l’Environnement, UMR 7266 LIENSs, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France

    Marie Vagner, Nathalie Imbert-Auvray, Natascha Ouillon, Emmanuel Dubillot, David Akbar & Christel Lefrançois

  2. Evolution Symbiose Bât. B8, UMR 7267 EBI Laboratoire Ecologie, Rue Albert Turpin, 86022, Poitiers Cedex, France

    Marie Vagner

  3. UMR 6539 LEMAR Ifremer ZI pointe du diable, 29280, Plouzané, France

    José-Luis Zambonino-Infante, David Mazurais & Hervé Le Delliou

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  1. Marie Vagner
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Vagner, M., Zambonino-Infante, JL., Mazurais, D. et al. Reduced n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids dietary content expected with global change reduces the metabolic capacity of the golden grey mullet. Mar Biol 161, 2547–2562 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-014-2526-3

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