Abstract
We examined the dark survival strategy of the cold-water dinoflagellate Scrippsiella hangoei from the Baltic Sea. Cultures of S. hangoei were placed in dark and light and we followed the morphological developmentand, determined respiration rate and activity of extracellular leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). S. hangoei had LAP activity in the light, but not in the dark, suggesting that the degradation and use of organic substrates is not part of the dark survival strategy. After prolonged time in darkness (>5 days), S. hangoei started to shed flagella and theca, and produced a previously undescribed temporary cyst. The transformation from vegetative cell into the temporary cyst initially increased respiration rate tenfold, but after the transformation the respiration rate decreased to almost undetectable levels. The presented temporary cyst enables survival through long periods in dark by reducing the respiration rate.
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Acknowledgments
This study was made possible by the financial support granted from Walter and Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation, Academy of Finland and Emil Aaltonen Foundation. We thank the Finnish Institute of Marine Research for providing the laboratory and office facilities needed in this study and University Helsinki, in particular the Unit of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Biotechnology for assistance in sample preparation. We also thank H. Kuosa and R. Autio for supervision and J. Piiparinen for bacterial counts.
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Communicated by M. Kühl.
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Rintala, JM., Spilling, K. & Blomster, J. Temporary cyst enables long-term dark survival of Scrippsiella hangoei (Dinophyceae). Mar Biol 152, 57–62 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0652-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0652-x