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Gamma and electron-beam irradiation as viable technologies for wild mushrooms conservation: effects on macro- and micro-elements

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Abstract

The consumption of mushrooms is increasing all over the world as a result of their sensorial and nutritional qualities. Among their nutrients, mushrooms present high levels of macro- and micro-elements. The qualitative composition in these elements is, however, often unknown. Mushrooms are known also as being very perishable products. Gamma rays or electron-beam irradiation has been applied to improve their shelf life and decrease health hazards caused by microorganisms. In addition, the effects of irradiation on the physicochemical and nutritional parameters of wild mushrooms have been studied by our research group. Nevertheless, the effects on essential macro- and micro-elements of these natural matrices are still unknown. The effects of gamma and electron-beam irradiation on the macro- and micro-elements profiles were evaluated in Boletus edulis, Hydnum repandum and Macrolepiota procera. The same elements were detected in the three species with some quantitative differences. The profiles obtained allowed the definition of proper dietary intakes, thus preventing undesirable effects derived from consuming mushrooms in quantities that exceed threshold levels of these minerals. The applied irradiation doses did not show a systematic effect on the macro- and micro-elements profiles, except for the 10 kGy. Accordingly, irradiation treatment, using gamma rays or electron beam up to 6 kGy, is a suitable technique to disinfest and/or decontaminate wild mushrooms, independently of their species or physical state.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support to the research centers CIMO (PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011), REQUIMTE (PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011) and ALIMNOVA research group from UCM. Â. Fernandes and J. C. M. Barreira thank FCT, POPH-QREN and FSE for their grants (SFRH/BD/76019/2011, SFRH/BPD/72802/2010, respectively).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855, Bragança, Portugal

    Ângela Fernandes, João C. M. Barreira, Amilcar L. Antonio, Anabela Martins & Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira

  2. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología II. Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Ângela Fernandes, Patricia Morales & Virginia Férnandez-Ruiz

  3. REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal

    Ângela Fernandes, João C. M. Barreira & M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira

  4. IST/ITN, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal

    Amilcar L. Antonio

  5. Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna Str. 16, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland

    Andrzej Rafalski

Authors
  1. Ângela Fernandes
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  2. João C. M. Barreira
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  3. Amilcar L. Antonio
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  4. Andrzej Rafalski
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  5. Patricia Morales
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  6. Virginia Férnandez-Ruiz
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  7. M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
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  8. Anabela Martins
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  9. Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Virginia Férnandez-Ruiz or Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira.

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Fernandes, Â., Barreira, J.C.M., Antonio, A.L. et al. Gamma and electron-beam irradiation as viable technologies for wild mushrooms conservation: effects on macro- and micro-elements. Eur Food Res Technol 242, 1169–1175 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-015-2621-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-015-2621-9

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