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Solid-phase extraction for purification of alkannin/shikonin samples and isolation of monomeric and dimeric fractions

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Abstract

Isohexenylnaphthazarins (IHN), commonly known as alkannins and shikonins (A/S), are potent pharmaceutical substances with a wide spectrum of wound healing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activity. Purification of A/S is crucial for their use in pharmaceuticals and for biological experimentation. Dimeric and oligomeric A/S derivatives co-exist with the active monomeric ones in most of the samples produced either by (semi)-synthesis or biotechnologically or isolated from natural products. Oligomeric A/S derivatives have not been studied for biological activity hitherto and a method to isolate them is essential.

In the present study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) was applied for purification of commercial samples and isolation of monomeric and oligomeric A/S fractions, testing several stationary phases. Sephadex LH-20 cartridges achieved efficient purification for commercial samples containing both monomeric and dimeric A/S derivatives and also separation and isolation of both pure monomeric and dimeric A/S fractions for biological experiments.

A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method was applied for detection, identification and quantification of monomeric and oligomeric shikonin fractions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece

    E. Noula, V. F. Samanidou & I. N. Papadoyannis

  2. Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece

    A. N. Assimopoulou & V. P. Papageorgiou

Authors
  1. E. Noula
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  2. V. F. Samanidou
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  3. A. N. Assimopoulou
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  4. V. P. Papageorgiou
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  5. I. N. Papadoyannis
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to A. N. Assimopoulou or I. N. Papadoyannis.

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Noula, E., Samanidou, V.F., Assimopoulou, A.N. et al. Solid-phase extraction for purification of alkannin/shikonin samples and isolation of monomeric and dimeric fractions. Anal Bioanal Chem 397, 2221–2232 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3717-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3717-5

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