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Statistical analysis of experimental factors for synthesis of copper oxide and tin oxide for antibacterial applications

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Abstract

This research explores the impact of Cu composition, heating temperature, and milling time on the production of copper-tin alloy nanoparticles. By employing design of experiments techniques, the study systematically evaluates these input variables and their effects on particle size, optical density, and number of colonies. The identification of new Cu3Sn phases in the nanoparticle structure contributes to the novelty of this research. The findings highlight the potential for optimizing copper-tin alloy nanoparticle synthesis and enhancing their antibacterial properties. Mechanical alloying is found to produce nanoparticles up to 15 nm in size. Increasing the percentage of copper leads to improved antibacterial properties. This work provides insights into the synthesis process of copper-tin mechanical alloying and their potential for antibacterial applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors respectfully acknowledge the technical support provided by Razi Foundation for laboratory equipment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Structural Integrity, Micromechanics, and Reliability of Materials (CIEFMA), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTECH, 08019, Barcelona, Spain

    Mohammad Rezayat

  2. Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy

    Mojtaba Karamimoghadam

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, POQazvin, 34149-16818, Iran

    Morteza Saghafi Yazdi

  4. Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Northampton, NN1 5PH, UK

    Mahmoud Moradi

  5. Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK

    Mahdi Bodaghi

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception, design and analysis. Material preparation and data collection were performed by M.R. The first draft of the manuscript was written by M.R., and all authors commented on all versions of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Rezayat or Mahdi Bodaghi.

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Rezayat, M., Karamimoghadam, M., Yazdi, M.S. et al. Statistical analysis of experimental factors for synthesis of copper oxide and tin oxide for antibacterial applications. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 127, 3017–3030 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11728-z

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