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Influence of rotation speed on microstructure formation during friction surfacing of AISI 316L over mild steel using a conventional CNC machining center

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Abstract

In the present work, the dynamic recrystallization of alloy 316L (austenitic stainless steel) was investigated during friction surfacing, using a machining center with computerized numerical control (CNC). The geometric properties (width and thickness) of the coatings were determined as a function of the rotation speed used in the experiment (1300– 2100 rpm). Therefore, it was possible to estimate the strain rate (\(\dot{\varepsilon}\)) of the process. The strain temperature was evaluated using a thermographic camera (Fluke Ti450). With the strain rate and temperature data, the Zener–Hollomon parameter was determined. The Z value was correlated with the coating microstructure, to understand the relationship between the parameter (Z) and the dynamically recrystallized grain size (dDRX). The results revealed that the sample produced with the rotation speed of 1500 rpm had the highest Z value (9.03 × 1018 [s−1]), the smallest dynamically recrystallized grain size, and the grain size distribution more homogeneous (25.1 ± 4.19 μm), which is in agreement with the literature. Additionally, the Vickers microhardness was evaluated in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the coatings to assess the impact on the mechanical properties. The novelty of this work is that the final grain size could be modelled for the friction surfacing process performed in a conventional CNC machining center, more widely available compared to dedicated equipment, as a function of process parameters.

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Funding

The authors received financial support from the FAPEMIG (Project PPM-00662-18) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior — Brasil (CAPES) — Finance Code 001.

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  1. Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Av. Dom José Gaspar 500, CEP, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30535-901, Brazil

    Diego Fonseca Silva & Pedro Brito

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  1. Diego Fonseca Silva
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  2. Pedro Brito
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Diego Fonseca Silva: conceptualization, experimental analysis, and writing; Pedro Paiva Brito: conceptualization, supervision, and writing.

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Correspondence to Diego Fonseca Silva.

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Silva, D.F., Brito, P. Influence of rotation speed on microstructure formation during friction surfacing of AISI 316L over mild steel using a conventional CNC machining center. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 126, 4915–4924 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11434-w

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