Abstract
The tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus to fluoride (F−) toxicity was examined via laboratory experiments. 96-h LC50 and 240-h NOEC values were estimated to be 5.8 and 0.95 mg F−/L, respectively. Average whole-body fluoride content in control amphipods was 27.6 μg F−/g dry weight, whereas in exposed amphipods it ranged from 3,637 to 16,994 μg F−/g dry weight. All these results indicate that D. villosus is a very sensitive species to fluoride toxicity. Overall it is concluded that the potential risk of invasion for D. villosus in either natural or polluted freshwater ecosystems, exhibiting relatively high fluoride levels (at least ten-fold higher than the average freshwater background level of 0.15 mg F−/L), must be low.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
American Public Health Association (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 200th edn. APHA-AWWA-WPCF, Washington, DC
Camargo JA (1991) Ecotoxicological analysis of the influence of an industrial effluent on fish populations in a regulated stream. Aquacult Fish Manag 22:509–518
Camargo JA (2003) Fluoride toxicity to aquatic organisms: a review. Chemosphere 50:251–264
Camargo JA, Tarazona JV (1990) Acute toxicity to freshwater macroinvertebrates of fluoride ion (F−) in soft water. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 45:883–887
Camargo JA, Ward JV, Martin KL (1992) The relative sensitivity of competing hydropsychid species to fluoride toxicity in the Cache La Poudre River (Colorado). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 22:107–113
Casellato S, La Piana G, Latella L, Ruffo S (2006) Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) for the first time in Italy. Ital J Zool 73:97–104
Casellato S, Visentin A, La Piana G (2007) The predatory impact of Dikerogammarus villosus on fish. In: Gherardi F (ed) Biological invaders in inland waters: profiles, distribution and threats. Springer, Berlin, pp 495–506
Dave G (1984) Effect of fluoride on growth, reproduction and survival of Daphnia magna. Comp Biochem Physiol 78c:425–431
Devin S, Beisel JN, Bachmann V, Moreteau JC (2001) Dikerogammarus villosus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae): another invasive species newly established in the Moselle river and French hydrosystems. Ann Limnol 37:21–27
Dick JTA, Platvoet D, Kelly DW (2002) Predatory impact of the freshwater invader Dikerogammarus villosus (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Can J Fish Aquat Sci 59:1078–1084
Fieser AH, Sykora JL, Kostalos MS, Wu YC, Weyel DW (1986) Effect of fluorides on survival and reproduction of Dapnia magna. J Water Pollut Control Fed 58:82–86
Kessabi M (1984) Métabolisme et biochimie toxicologique du fluor: une revue. Revue Méd Vét 135:497–510
Malde MJ, Bjorvatn K, Julshamn K (2001) Determination of fluoride in food by the use of alkali fusion and fluoride ion-selective electrode. Food Chem 73:373–379
McQuaker NR, Gurney M (1977) Determination of total fluoride in soil and vegetation using an alkali fusion-selective ion electrode technique. Anal Chem 49:53–56
Metcalfe-Smith JL, Holtze KE, Sirota GR, Reid JJ, de Solla SR (2003) Toxicity of aqueous and sediment-associated fluoride to freshwater organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 22:161–166
Pimentel R, Bulkley RV (1983) Influence of water hardness on fluoride toxicity to rainbow trout. Environ Toxocol Cham 2:381–386
Smith LR, Holsen TM, Ibay NC, Block RM, Leon AB (1985) Studies on the acute toxicity of fluoride ion to stickleback, fathead minnow and rainbow trout. Chemosphere 14:1383–1389
US Environmental Protection Agency (1991) Multifactor probit analysis. US EPA 600/X-91-101, Washington, DC
Walker CH, Hopkin SP, Sibly RM, Peakall DB (2005) Principles of ecotoxicology, 3rd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton (FL)
World Health Organization (2002) Environmental health criteria 227: fluorides. WHO, Geneva
Acknowledgments
We thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project CGL2006-06804/BOS) for the funds to carry out this research. We also want to thank the Spanish Ministry of Education and the Italian Ministry of Public Education, as well as the University of Alcalá and the University of Padova, for providing additional funds and logistical support. Cristina Gonzalo is currently supported by a doctoral contract from the Spanish Ministry of Education. Lastly, we are grateful to an anonymous reviewer for valuable comments and suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gonzalo, C., Camargo, J.A., Masiero, L. et al. Fluoride Toxicity and Bioaccumulation in the Invasive Amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894): a Laboratory Study. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 85, 472–475 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-0132-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-0132-8