Skip to main content
Log in

Brominated Flame Retardants in Fish of Lake Geneva (Switzerland)

  • Published:
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) were determined in fish (Salmo trutta forma lacustris) from Lake Geneva. Brominated flame retardants were detected in all nine samples with an average concentration for the sum of BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-49, BDE-66, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-119, BDE-153, BDE-154 and BDE-209 of 207 ng per g lipid weight (ng g lw−1). The congener patterns were dominated by BDE-47. The average concentration of HBCD was 168 ng g lw−1.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Darnerud PO, Eriksen GS, Jóhannesson T, Larsen PB, Viluksela M (2001) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers: occurrence, dietary exposure, and toxicology. Environ Health Perspect 109:49–68. doi:10.2307/3434846

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Alencastro LF, Grandjean D, Tarradellas J (2003) Application of multidimensional (heart-cut) gas chromatography to the analysis of complex mixtures of organic pollutants in environmental samples. CHIMIA 57:499–504. doi:10.2533/000942903777678957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Boer J (1988) Chlorobiphenyls in bound and non-bound lipids of fishes: comparison of extraction methods. Chemosphere 17:1803–1810. doi:10.1016/0045-6535(88)90108-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Wit CA (2002) An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment. Chemosphere 46:583–624. doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00225-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eljarrat E, De La Cal A, Raldua D, Duran C, Barcelo D (2004) Occurrence and bioavailability of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in sediment and fish from the Cinca River, a tributary of the Ebro River (Spain). Environ Sci Technol 38:2603–2608. doi:10.1021/es0301424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kupper T, de Alencastro LF, Gatsigazi R, Furrer R, Grandjean D, Tarradellas J (2008) Concentrations and specific loads of brominated flame retardants in sewage sludge. Chemosphere 71:1173–1180. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • La Guardia MJ, Hale RC, Harvey E (2006) Detailed polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener composition of the widely used penta-, octa-, and deca-PBDE technical flame-retardant mixtures. Environ Sci Technol 40:6247–6254. doi:10.1021/es060630m

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labandeira A, Eljarrat E, Barcelo D (2007) Congener distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in feral carp (Cyprinus carpio) from the Llobregat River, Spain. Environ Pollut 146:188–195. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.04.037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rayne S, Ikonomou MG (2005) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in an advanced wastewater treatment plant. Part 1: concentrations, patterns, and influence of treatment processes. J Environ Eng Sci 4:353–367. doi:10.1139/s04-071

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schlabach M, Fjeld E, Gundersen H, Mariussen E, Kjellberg G, Breivik E (2004) Pollution of Lake Mjøsa by brominated flame retardants. Organohalogen Compd 66:3779–3785

    Google Scholar 

  • Sellström U, Kierkegaard A, de Wit C, Jansson B (1998) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in sediment and fish from a Swedish river. Environ Toxicol Chem 17:1065–1072. doi:10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<1065:PDEAHI>2.3.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stapleton HM, Letcher RJ, Baker JE (2004) Debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners BDE 99 and BDE 183 in the intestinal tract of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Environ Sci Technol 38:1054–1061. doi:10.1021/es0348804

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stone D (2006) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in different tissue types from Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 76:148–154. doi:10.1007/s00128-005-0901-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vives I, Grimalt JO, Lacorte S, Guillamon M, Barcelo D, Rosseland BO (2004) Polybromodiphenyl ether flame retardants in fish from lakes in European high mountains and Greenland. Environ Sci Technol 38:2338–2344. doi:10.1021/es030107x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zennegg M, Kohler M, Gerecke AC, Schmid P (2003a) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in whitefish from Swiss lakes and farmed rainbow trout. Chemosphere 51:545–553. doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00047-X

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zennegg M, Kohler M, Gerecke AC, Schmid P, Heeb NV (2003b) Detection of alpha-isomer dominated HBCD (hexabromocyclododecane) in Swiss fish at levels comparable to PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers). Organohalogen Compd 61:155–158

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the personnel of Fauna and Nature Conversation Center of Canton of Vaud (St-Sulpice) for collaboration during fishing.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luiz F. de Alencastro.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cheaib, Z., Grandjean, D., Kupper, T. et al. Brominated Flame Retardants in Fish of Lake Geneva (Switzerland). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 82, 522–527 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-008-9628-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-008-9628-x

Keywords

Navigation