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Pre-breeding of spontaneous Robertsonian translocations for density planting architecture by transferring Agropyron cristatum chromosome 1P into wheat

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We developed T1AL·1PS and T1AS·1PL Robertsonian translocations by breakage-fusion mechanism based on wheat-A. cristatum 1P(1A) substitution line with smaller leaf area, shorter plant height, and other excellent agronomic traits

Abstract

Agropyron cristatum, a wild relative of wheat, is a valuable germplasm resource for improving wheat genetic diversity and yield. Our previous study confirmed that the A. cristatum chromosome 1P carries alien genes that reduce plant height and leaf size in wheat. Here, we developed T1AL·1PS and T1AS·1PL Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) by breakage-fusion mechanism based on wheat-A. cristatum 1P (1A) substitution line II-3-1c. Combining molecular markers and cytological analysis, we identified 16 spontaneous RobTs from 911 F2 individuals derived from the cross of Jimai22 and II-3-1c. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to detect the fusion structures of the centromeres in wheat and A. cristatum chromosomes. Resequencing results indicated that the chromosomal junction point was located at the physical position of Triticum aestivum chromosome 1A (212.5 Mb) and A. cristatum chromosome 1P (230 Mb). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) in pollen mother cells showed that the produced translocation lines could form stable ring bivalent. Introducing chromosome 1PS translocation fragment into wheat significantly increased the number of fertile tillers, grain number per spike, and grain weight and reduced the flag leaf area. However, introducing chromosome 1PL translocation fragment into wheat significantly reduced flag leaf area and plant height with a negative effect on yield components. The pre-breeding of two spontaneous RobTs T1AL·1PS and T1AS·1PL was important for wheat architecture improvement.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number NSFC No. 31971879, and the Chinese Agriculture Research System, grant number CARS-03.

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Bohui Han and Xiao Wang have contributed equally to this work. LHL and JPZ conceived the research. BHH performed the research and wrote the paper. XW analyzed the data. YYS, XLK, MZ, and JWL collected the data, and HMH, SHZ, YQL, WHL, XMY, and XQL participated in the preparation of the reagents and materials in this study. All authors contributed to and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jinpeng Zhang or Lihui Li.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Communicated by Ian D Godwin.

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Han, B., Wang, X., Sun, Y. et al. Pre-breeding of spontaneous Robertsonian translocations for density planting architecture by transferring Agropyron cristatum chromosome 1P into wheat. Theor Appl Genet 137, 110 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-024-04614-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-024-04614-z

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