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Effect of population size on the estimation of QTL: a test using resistance to barley stripe rust

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Abstract

The limited population sizes used in many quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection experiments can lead to underestimation of QTL number, overestimation of QTL effects, and failure to quantify QTL interactions. We used the barley/barley stripe rust pathosystem to evaluate the effect of population size on the estimation of QTL parameters. We generated a large (n=409) population of doubled haploid lines derived from the cross of two inbred lines, BCD47 and Baronesse. This population was evaluated for barley stripe rust severity in the Toluca Valley, Mexico, and in Washington State, USA, under field conditions. BCD47 was the principal donor of resistance QTL alleles, but the susceptible parent also contributed some resistance alleles. The major QTL, located on the long arm of chromosome 4H, close to the Mlo gene, accounted for up to 34% of the phenotypic variance. Subpopulations of different sizes were generated using three methods—resampling, selective genotyping, and selective phenotyping—to evaluate the effect of population size on the estimation of QTL parameters. In all cases, the number of QTL detected increased with population size. QTL with large effects were detected even in small populations, but QTL with small effects were detected only by increasing population size. Selective genotyping and/or selective phenotyping approaches could be effective strategies for reducing the costs associated with conducting QTL analysis in large populations. The method of choice will depend on the relative costs of genotyping versus phenotyping.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the USDA-NRI program (Plant-Microbe Interactions) and the North American Barley Genome Project (NABGP). We thank Tanya Filichkin, Jeanine DeNoma, Dr. Ariel Castro, and graduate and undergraduate students in the OSU barley program for their technical support in the lab and in the greenhouse. We wish to extend our thanks to Dr. Oscar Riera-Lizarazu for participating in helpful discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-3002, USA

    M. I. Vales, A. E. Corey, K. L. Richardson & P. M. Hayes

  2. State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    C. C. Schön

  3. ICARDA/CIMMYT Barley Program, Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, Mexico

    F. Capettini

  4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA

    X. M. Chen

  5. School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide / Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia

    D. E. Mather

  6. Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-2902, USA

    C. C. Mundt

  7. Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, 56230, Mexico, Mexico

    J. S. Sandoval-Islas

  8. Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    H. F. Utz

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  1. M. I. Vales
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  2. C. C. Schön
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  3. F. Capettini
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  4. X. M. Chen
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  8. K. L. Richardson
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  9. J. S. Sandoval-Islas
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  10. H. F. Utz
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  11. P. M. Hayes
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Correspondence to M. I. Vales.

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Communicated by J. W. Snape

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Vales, M.I., Schön, C.C., Capettini, F. et al. Effect of population size on the estimation of QTL: a test using resistance to barley stripe rust. Theor Appl Genet 111, 1260–1270 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-005-0043-y

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