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Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Kardiologie

Gender-specific differences in cardiology

  • Schwerpunkt: Genderspezifische Diagnostik und Therapie in der Inneren Medizin
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Es besteht ein Evidenzgefälle zwischen den Geschlechtern in der kardiovaskulären Versorgung zuungunsten der Frau. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet eine Zusammenfassung des Wissensstands über die Geschlechterunterschiede mit besonderem Fokus auf Epidemiologie, Pathophysiologie, Risikofaktoren und Therapie der häufigsten kardialen Erkrankungen.

Material und Methoden

Auswertung und Diskussion von Grundlagenarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen.

Ergebnisse

Erst jüngere Studien berücksichtigen die Notwendigkeit, die Ergebnisse geschlechtergetrennt zu analysieren. Es bestehen Hinweise sowohl auf frauenspezifische pathogenetische Mechanismen als auch auf pharmakodynamische und pharmakokinetische Unterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern. Derzeit erhalten Frauen seltener als Männer eine leitliniengerechte Therapie ihrer Herzerkrankung.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die weitere Klärung frauenspezifischer pathogenetischer Mechanismen ist eine wichtige Grundlage für eine effektivere Prävention und eine verbesserte Behandlungsoption.

Abstract

Background

Evidence in cardiovascular patient care is currently skewed to the disadvantage of women. This article provides a summary of the current state of knowledge on gender differences with a special focus on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment of the most frequent cardiovascular diseases.

Material and methods

Evaluation and discussion of background research and expert recommendations.

Results

The necessity for a gender-specific analysis of results is a relatively recent development in clinical trials. There is increasing evidence for pathogenic mechanisms specific for women as well as pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic differences between women and men. Women are currently less likely to receive treatment for cardiac diseases according to medical guidelines than men.

Conclusion

For improvement of the treatment options and effective disease prevention, it is pivotal to investigate pathogenetic mechanisms specific to women.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Herzzentrum Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Anja Sandek &  Gerd Hasenfuß

  2. Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Standort Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland

    Anja Sandek &  Gerd Hasenfuß

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  1. Anja Sandek
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  2. Gerd Hasenfuß
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Correspondence to Anja Sandek or Gerd Hasenfuß.

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Interessenkonflikt

A. Sandek und G. Hasenfuß geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Sandek, A., Hasenfuß, G. Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Kardiologie. Innere Medizin 64, 727–735 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-022-01437-2

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