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Lärminduzierte Neurodegeneration der zentralen Hörbahn

Eine Übersicht experimenteller Untersuchungen im Mausmodell

Noise-induced neurodegeneration in the central auditory pathway

An overview of experimental studies in a mouse model

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Ein Lärmtrauma induziert zentralnervöse Pathologien, die zur Generierung von Hör- und Wahrnehmungsstörungen führen.

Fragestellung

Sind degenerative Prozesse in der zentralen Hörbahn eine direkte Auswirkung der Überstimulation oder eine Folge akustischer Deprivation?

Material und Methode

Bestimmung von Zelltodmechanismen im Mausmodell eines lärminduzierten Hörverlusts zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten nach einfacher oder wiederholter Lärmexposition.

Ergebnisse

Eine einmalige Lärmexposition (3 h, 115 dB SPL, 5–20 kHz) induziert akute (≤1 Tag) und längerfristige (Beobachtungszeitraum 14 Tage) Degeneration insbesondere in subkortikalen Strukturen. Nach einem wiederholten Lärmtrauma treten v. a. pathologische Veränderungen im auditorischen Thalamus und Kortex auf.

Schlussfolgerung

Lärm hat direkte Auswirkungen auf basale Strukturen der zentralen Hörbahn, eine Protektion kortikaler Areale erfolgt möglicherweise aufgrund inhibitorischer neuronaler Projektionen. Degenerative Mechanismen in höheren Strukturen des vorgeschädigten Systems deuten auf eine zunehmende Beeinträchtigung komplexer Verarbeitung akustischer Informationen.

Abstract

Background

A noise trauma induces central nervous system pathologies, which generate deficits in hearing and perception of sound.

Objective

Are degenerative mechanisms in the central auditory system a direct impact of overstimulation or an effect of acoustic deprivation?

Materials and methods

Detection of cell death in a mouse model of noise-induced hearing loss at different times after single or repeated noise exposure.

Results

A single noise exposure (3 h, 115 dB SPL, 5–20 kHz) induces acute (≤1 day) and long-term (observation period 14 days) degeneration, particularly in subcortical structures. Repeated noise trauma is followed by pathologies in the auditory thalamus and cortex.

Conclusion

Noise has a direct impact on basal structures of the central auditory system; a protection of cortical areas is possibly due to inhibitory neuronal projections. Degenerative mechanisms in higher structures of the pre-damaged system point to an increased impairment of complex processing of acoustic information.

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Danksagung

Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (GR 3519/3-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen‑, Ohrenheilkunde, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Warener Str. 7, 12683, Berlin, Deutschland

    M. Gröschel, A. Ernst & D. Basta

Authors
  1. M. Gröschel
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  2. A. Ernst
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  3. D. Basta
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Gröschel.

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Interessenkonflikt

M. Gröschel, A. Ernst und D. Basta geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Alle nationalen Richtlinien zur Haltung und zum Umgang mit Labortieren wurden eingehalten und die notwendigen Zustimmungen der zuständigen Behörden liegen vor.

Additional information

Dr. rer. nat. Moritz Gröschel, Berlin, mit Arbeitsgruppe F. Fröhlich, I. Strübing, A. Ernst, D. Basta, Berlin, hat für das Poster „Zentrale Neurodegeneration nach wiederholter Lärmexposition im auditorischen System der Maus“ auf der Jahrestagung der DGHNO KHC in Erfurt den Posterpreis (Broicher-Preis) 2017/Kategorie „Experimentell: 1. Preis“ erhalten.

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Gröschel, M., Ernst, A. & Basta, D. Lärminduzierte Neurodegeneration der zentralen Hörbahn. HNO 66, 258–264 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-018-0485-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-018-0485-6

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