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Spatial patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages in surface-flowing waters of a glacially-influenced floodplain

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Abstract

We examined the spatial structure of macroinvertebrate assemblages in surface-flowing waters of a glacially-influenced floodplain. The floodplain main-channel responded longitudinally to changes in hydrology with evident coarse-scale zones of upwelling and downwelling; the lower floodplain main channel fell dry in late winter. Physico-chemical attributes differed among tributaries and the main channel. The main channel had lower values of conductivity, alkalinity and nitrate–N than tributaries, with right-side (east-facing) tributaries having the highest values. Left-side (west-facing) tributaries flowing over an exposed rock-face had warmer water temperatures than the main channel and right-side tributaries. The biomass of benthic organic matter and periphyton was highest in right-side tributaries, followed by main channel sites then left-side tributaries. Similarly, macroinvertebrate density and richness were higher in right-side tributaries, intermediate in main channel sites, and lowest in left-side tributaries. Macroinvertebrate assemblages clearly differed between main channel sites, right-side tributaries, and left side tributaries based on an NMDS analysis. Minor differences were observed among main channel sites, although most upstream sites showed some structural differences from downstream sites. Ephemeropterans and plecopterans were most common in main channel sites and right-side tributaries, whereas chironomids and trichopterans also were common in right-side tributaries. Although the main channel changed longitudinally in physico-chemical characteristics, no real patterns of zonation were evident in macroinvertebrate assemblages. Coarse spatial patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages in the floodplain were reflected in the physico-chemical differences between the main channel and tributaries, and between left-side and right-side tributaries. We conclude that coarse-scale floodplain properties enhance the overall diversity of lotic macroinvertebrates. Consequently, floodplain alterations that reduce surface water heterogeneity/connectivity limits the potential macroinvertebrate diversity of floodplains.

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Acknowledgments

We thank S. Blaser and C. Jolidon for assistance in the field and processing of samples in the laboratory, and R. Illi for chemical analysis of water samples. We thank S. Schweizer for logistic advice and fruitful discussions regarding the project. Comments by two anonymous reviewers improved the paper presentation. Funding was provided by Kraftwerke Oberhasli (KWO), Swiss Federal Office of the Environment (Bafu), Swiss Federal Office for Regional Development (ARE), and the Graubunden Department of Fish and Game. The paper is a contribution of the EU Int-Reg Project Alp-Water-Scarce, a member of the Alpine Space Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland

    Christopher T. Robinson & Michael Doering

  2. Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Christopher T. Robinson

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  1. Christopher T. Robinson
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  2. Michael Doering
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Correspondence to Christopher T. Robinson.

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Robinson, C.T., Doering, M. Spatial patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages in surface-flowing waters of a glacially-influenced floodplain. Aquat Sci 75, 373–384 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-012-0283-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-012-0283-2

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