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Targets for protection and mitigation of radiation injury

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Abstract

Protection of normal tissues against toxic effects of ionizing radiation is a critical issue in clinical and environmental radiobiology. Investigations in recent decades have suggested potential targets that are involved in the protection against radiation-induced damages to normal tissues and can be proposed for mitigation of radiation injury. Emerging evidences have been shown to be in contrast to an old dogma in radiation biology; a major amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell toxicity occur during some hours to years after exposure to ionizing radiation. This can be attributed to upregulation of inflammatory and fibrosis mediators, epigenetic changes and disruption of the normal metabolism of oxygen. In the current review, we explain the cellular and molecular changes following exposure of normal tissues to ionizing radiation. Furthermore, we review potential targets that can be proposed for protection and mitigation of radiation toxicity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Ehsan khodamoradi, Mojtaba Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi & Masoud Najafi

  2. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Peyman Amini

  3. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Elahe Motevaseli

  4. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq

    Dheyauldeen Shabeeb

  5. Misan Radiotherapy Center, Misan, Iraq

    Dheyauldeen Shabeeb

  6. Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran

    Ahmed Eleojo Musa

  7. Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Bagher Farhood

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  1. Ehsan khodamoradi
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khodamoradi, E., Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi, M., Amini, P. et al. Targets for protection and mitigation of radiation injury. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 77, 3129–3159 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03479-x

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