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Does potassium fertilizer form, source, and time of application influence potato yield and quality in the Columbia Basin?

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Abstract

Potassium (K) fertilizer form (liquid or granular), source (chloride or sulfate), and time of application (preplant or in-season) were evaluated for effects on potato tuber yield and quality in Washington’s Columbia Basin. Potato yield and quality did not respond positively to potassium fertilizer although pre-plant soil-test K values were in the range where adding K fertilizer is recommended in the current (1999) Washington guidelines. In one of three years, total tuber yield was reduced with inseason fertilization with potassium chloride and with 75% in-season liquid K application. While the results were inconsistent over growing seasons, a few of the in-season, liquid K fertilizer treatments resulted in a significant reduction in percent marketable yield. Thus, the study results uphold the current practice of using granular K fertilizers pre-plant. In addition, the results of this study strongly indicate that K source does not affect tuber specific gravity. The limited response of yield and quality factors to K fertilizer on sites that Washington’s current soil-test and K fertilizer guidelines indicate should be K responsive suggest that further research is needed to fine tune the guidelines

Resumen

Se evaluaron los efectos que conlleva la forma de fertilizar con potasio (liquida o granular), fuente (cloruro o sulfato) y tiempo de aplicación (antes de la siembra o en forma oportuna), sobre los rendimientos de los tubérculos y calidad de la variedad Washington’s Columbia Basin. Ni el rendimiento ni la calidad respondieron positivamente a la fertilizatión con potasio, pese a que un análisis de suelo antes de la siembra, para determinar el valor de K, estuvo dentro del rango recomendado para fertilizar con potasio, de acuerdo a las pautas vigentes de la variedad Washington (1999). En uno de los tres años, el rendimiento total de los tubérculos se redujo con la fertilización oportuna con cloruro de potasio y en 75% con la aplicación oportuna de potasio líquido Mientras que los resultados fueron contradictorios durante la temporada de crecimiento, y menores a los de la fertilización oportuna, los tratamientos de fertilización con K liquido conllevaron una reductión significativa sobre el porcentaje de rendimientos comerciales. Así, los resultados del estudio apoyan la práctica actual de usar fertilización granular de K en el período previo a la siembra. Adicionalmente, el resultado de este estudio indica contundentemente que la fuente de K no afecta la gravedad específica del tubérculo. La limitada respuesta de los factores de rendimiento y calidad a la fertilización con K en aquellos lugares donde los análisis de suelo y las pautas de fertilización con K de la variedad Washington indican que debería haber correspondencia al K, sugiere que se requieren más investigaciones para definir mejor dichas pautas

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Davenport, J.R., Bentley, E.M. Does potassium fertilizer form, source, and time of application influence potato yield and quality in the Columbia Basin?. Amer J of Potato Res 78, 311–318 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875696

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