Skip to main content
Log in

A regression approach to conceptualizing and analyzing marketing transactions

  • Published:
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A conceptual approach is developed in this article using the logic and concepts of statistical regression to analyze marketing phenomena such as: attraction, power, conflict, stability, and competition. Marketing transaction is conceptualized as a perceptual phenomenon in the mind of the marketing agent determined by psychological contiguity between perceived benefits and costs. Theattraction felt by a marketing organization toward a target market is conceptualized as theslope of the regression line,power in theintercept of the regression line,stability in thecoefficient of determination, andconflict in thestandard error of the estimate. Competition is conceptualized in terms of theproportion of variance in benefits extracted by a target market accounted for by costs of one competitor marketing organization relative to the costs of other competitor firms. Marketing transactions can also be similarly analyzed from the perspective of the buying agent in dealing with one or more marketing organizations. Managerial implications, limitations, and future research are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aaker, David A., and John G. Myers. 1987.Advertising Management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achrol, Ravi Singh, Torger Reve, and Louis Stern. 1983. “The Environment of Marketing Channel Dyads: A Framework for Comparative Analysis.”Journal of Marketing 47 (Fall): 55–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, Icek. 1977. “Intuitive Theories of Events and the Effects of Base-Rate Information on Prediction.”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 35: 303–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —. 1965.Dynamic Marketing Behavior. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alderson, Wroe. 1957.Marketing Behavior and Executive Action. Action, Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alderson, James C., and James A. Narus. 1984. “A Model of the Distributor's Perspective of Distributor-Manufacturer Working Relationships.”Journal of Marketing 48 (Fall): 62–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arndt, Johan. 1983. “The Political Economy Paradigm: Foundation for Theory Building in Marketing.”Journal of Marketing 47 (Fall): 44–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashby, W. Ross. 1958. “Requisite Variety and Its Implications for the Control of Complex Systems.”Cybernetica 1: 83–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1961.Design for a Brain. 2nd Edition. London: Chapman and Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1969.An Introduction to Cybernetics. London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagozzi, R.P. 1974. “Marketing as an Organized Behavioral System of Exchange.”Journal of Marketing 38 (October): 77–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1975. “Marketing as Exchange.”Journal of Marketing 39 (October): 32–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1978. “Marketing as Exchange: A Theory of Transactions in the Marketplace.”American Behavioral Scientist 21 (March/April): 535–556.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, Arnold I. 1976. “More on Market Share Theorem.”Journal of Marketing Research 13: 104–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartels, Robert. 1968. “The General Theory of Marketing.”Journal of Marketing, 32 (January):29–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bass, Frank M.. 1969. “A New Product Growth Model for Consumer Durables.”Management Science, 15 (5):215–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1980. “The Relationship Between Diffusion Curves, Experience Curves, and Demand Elasticities for Consumer Durable Technological Innovations.”Journal of Business, 53 (July):551–557.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beach, L.R., and T.S. Scopp. 1966. “Influences About Correlations.”Psychonomic Science, 6:253–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, David E., Ralph L. Keeney, and John D.C. Little. 1975. “A Market Share Theorem.”Journal of Marketing Research, 12:136–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blau, P.M., 1968. “Social Exchange.” InInternational Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Vol. 7 Ed. D.L. Sills, New York: McMillian, pp. 452–457.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buzzell, R.D., 1981. “Are These Natural Market Structure?”Journal of Marketing, 45:42–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chamberlin, Edward H. 1965.The Theory of Monopolistic Competition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Child, J., 1977.Organization: A Guide to Problems and Practices. London: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clopton, Stephen W., 1984. “Seller and Buying Firms Factors Affecting Industrial Buyer's Negotiation Behavior and Outcomes.”Journal of Marketing Research, 21 (February):39–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Raadt, J.D.R., 1984. “An Application of Ashby's Law to the Skewness of Income and Output Distribution.”Systems Research, 1 (2):127–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Paul H. Schurr, and Sejo Oh. 1987. “Developing Buyer-Seller Relationships.”Journal of Marketing, 51 (April):11–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, F. Robert. 1984. “Are Two Better Than One? Bargaining Behavior and Outcomes in an Asymmetrical Power Relationship.”Journal of Consumer Research, 11 (September):680–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —, and Orville C. Walker, Jr. 1981. “Bargaining in an Asymmetrical Power Structure.”Journal of Marketing, 45 (Winter):104–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erlick, D.E., and R.G. Mils. 1967. “Perceptual Quantification of Conditional Dependency.”Journal of Experimental Psychology 73:9–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feder, Gershon, and Gerald T. O'Mara. 1982. “On Information and Innovation Diffusion: A Bayesian Approach.”American Agricultural Economics Association Proceedings (February):145–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, Ronald, William Massy and Yoram Wind. 1972.Market Segmentation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, Gary L. 1983. “Interorganizational Exchange Behavior: A Broadened Perspective.”Journal of Marketing, 47 (Fall):68–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaski, John F. 1984. “The Theory of Power and Conflict in Channels of Distribution.”Journal of Marketing, 48 (Summer):9–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1986. “Interrelations Among a Channel Entity & Power Sources: Impact of the Exercise of Reward and Coercion on Expert, Referent, and Legitimate Power Sources.”Journal of Marketing Research 23 (February): 62–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gatignon, Hubert, and Thomas S. Robertson. 1985. “A Propositional Inventory for New Diffusion Research.”Journal of Consumer Research 11 (March):849–867.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granzin, Kent. 1982. “A Conceptual Systems Framework for Marketing.” InProceedings of the American Marketing Association-Special Educators' Conference on Marketing Theory. Chicago: American Marketing Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, John R., and Steven P. Gaskin. 1984. “Application of the ‘Defender’ Consumer Model.”Marketing Science 3 (Fall):327–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, John R. and Steven M. Shugan. 1983. “Defensive Marketing Strategies.”Marketing Science 2 (Fall):319–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, B.D.. 1983. “The Anatomy of Competition.”Journal of Marketing 47:7–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Homans, G.C., 1961. Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt Brace.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, Shelby D., 1976. “The Nature and Scope of Marketing.”Journal of Marketing, 40 (July):17–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1983a. “General Theories and the Fundament Explanada of Marketing.”Journal of Marketing 47 (Fall):9–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1983b.Marketing Theory: The Philosophy of Marketing Science. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • John, George. 1984. “An Empirical Investigation of Some Antecedents of Opportunism in a Marketing Channel.”Journal of Marketing Research 21 (August):278–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, H.H., 1967. “Attribution Theory in Social Psychology.” InNebraska Symposium on Motivation, Ed. David Levine. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1971.Attribution in Social Interaction. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1972.Causal Schemata and The Attribution Process. NJ: General Learning Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1973. “The Processes of Causal Attribution.”American Psychologist, 28:107–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kotler, Philip. 1972. “A Generic Concept of Marketing.”Journal of Marketing 36 (April):46–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —, and S. Levy. 1969. “Broadening the Concept of Marketing.”Journal of Marketing, 33 (January):10–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • —, and Ravi Singh. 1982. “Marketing Warfare in the 1980s.”Journal of Business Strategy (Winter):30–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and Gerald Zaltman. 1971. “Social Marketing: An Approach to Planned Social Change.”Journal of Marketing 35 (July):3–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, P.R. and J.W. Lorsch. 1967.Organization and Environment: Managing Differentiation and Integration. Division of Research, Graduate School of Business and Administration, Harvard University.

  • Leonard-Barton, Dorothy. 1985. “Experts as Negative Opinion Leaders in the Diffusion of a Technological Innovation.”Journal of Consumer Research 11 (March):914–926.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levitt, Theordore. 1983.The Marketing Imagination. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, Sidney J., and Gerald Zaltman. 1975.Marketing Society and Conflict. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lilien, Gary L., and Philip Kotler. 1983.Marketing Decision Making. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacNeil, Ian R. 1978. “Contracts: Adjustments of Long-Term Economic Relations Under Classical, Neoclassical and Relational Contract Law.”Northwestern University Law Review, 72:854–902.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1980.The New Social Contract: An Inquiry Into Modern Contractual Relations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahajan, Vijay, and Eitam Muller. 1979. “Innovation Diffusion and New Product Growth Models in Marketing.”Journal of Marketing, 43 (Fall): 55–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, E. Jerome, and William D. Perreault. 1984.Basic Marketing: A Managerial Approach. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and William D. Perreault, Jr. 1987.Basic Marketing 9th edition. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, B., 1976. “Requisite Variety in the Systems and Control Sciences.”International Journal of General Systems 2:225–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, Michael E. 1976.Interband Choice: Strategy and Bilateral Market Power. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1980.Competitive Strategy. New York: Collier Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, Everette M. 1983.Diffusion of Innovations, 3rd ed., New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, Thomas S., and Hubert Gatignon. 1986. “Competitive Effects on Technology Diffusion.”Journal of Marketing, 50 (July):1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rummel, R.J., 1977.Field Theory Evolving, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson, Paul A. 1976.Economics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoell, William F., and Joseph P. Guiltinan. 1988.Marketing: Contemporary Concepts and Practices, 3rd ed., Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schurr, Paul H., and Julie L. Ozanne. 1985. “Influences on Exchange Processes: Buyers' Preconceptions of a Seller's Trustworthiness and Bargaining Toughness.”Journal of Consumer Research, 11 (March):939–953.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaver, Kelley G. 1981.Principles of Social Psychology, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Winthrop Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, Arch W. 1912. “Some Problems in Market Distribution.”Quarterly Journal of Economics (August):703–765.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirgy, M. Joseph. 1984.Marketing as Social Behavior: A General Systems Theory. New York: Praeger Publisher.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and Robert H. Giles, Jr. 1986. “Succession as an Alternative to the Concept of Product Life Cycle.”Systems Research, 3 (4):233–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and Michael Morris. 1985. “Social Exchange: The Regression Analog.” InSystems Inquiring: Theory, Philosophy, Methodology, Philosophy, Methodology, Vol. 1, edited by Bela H. Banathy, Seaside, CA: Intersystems Publications, pp. 96–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, Wendell. 1956. “Product Differentiation and Market Segmentation as Alternative Marketing Strategies.”Journal of Marketing, 21 (July):3–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, Wendell. 1956. “Product Differentiation and Market Segmentation as Altermative Marketing Strategies.”Journal of Marketing 21 (July):3–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stem, Louis and Torger Reve. 1980. “Distribution Channels as Political Economies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis.”Journal of Marketing 44 (Summer):52–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tellis, G.J., and C.M. Crawford. 1981. “An Evolutionary Approach to Product Growth Theory.”Journal of Marketing 45.

  • Thibaut, J.W., and H.H. Kelley. 1959.The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J.D., 1967.Organizations in Action. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weick, K.E. 1979.The Social Psychology of Organizing. 2nd edition. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weitz, Barton A. 1981. “Effectiveness in Sales Interaction: A Contingency Framework.”Journal of Marketing 45 (Winter):85–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, Quincy. 1955.The Study of International Relations. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sirgy, M.J. A regression approach to conceptualizing and analyzing marketing transactions. JAMS 18, 31–42 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02729760

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02729760

Keywords

Navigation