Abstract
Founded upon several works carried out by the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées on the dynamic behaviour of concrete (already published), and upon new ideas about this subject, this article attempts to further develop the analysis of the physical mechanisms. In particular to investigate how the Stéfan effect, the cracking process, and the inertia forces participate together in the dynamic behaviour of a specimen subjected to a uniaxial tensile test. These mechanisms can be summed up as follows:
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1.
At strain rates smaller than approximately 1 s−1, the main physical mechanism is a viscous mechanism that may be regarded as similar to the Stéfan effect. This mechanism counters both a microcracking localization, leading to an increase of concrete tensile strength, and the macrocrack propagation that leads to failure of the specimen.
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2.
At strain rates greater than or equal to approximately 10s−1, the forces of inertia become preponderant. They counter microcracking localization and in particular macrocrack propagation.
Résumé
En se basant sur différents travaux réalisés, et déjà publiés, par le Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées sur le comportement dynamique des bétons, ainsi que sur des réflexions récentes sur le sujet, le présent article s'attache à analyser de manière très poussée les mécanismes physiques à l'origine des effets de vitesse, et notamment la façon dont l'effet Stéfan, et les forces d'inertie interagissent dans le processus de fissuration du béton. Les principaux points qui ressortent de cette analyse sont:
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1.
Pour des vitesses de déformation inférieures à 1 s−1, le phénomène physique principalement activé est un phénomène visqueux de type effet Stéfan. Ce mécanisme conduit à retarder la localisation de la microfissuration et à augmenter la résistance à la traction du béton.
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2.
Pour des vitesses de déformation supérieures ou égales à environ 10 s−1, ce sont les forces d'inertie qui sont prépondérantes en intervenant surtout lors de la propagation des macrofissures.
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Editorial note: Both Pierre Rossi and François Toutlemonde are working at the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, a French RILEM Titular Member. Pierre Rossi was a member of RILEM Technical Committee 90-FMC on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete, he is still active as a member of the Editorial Group of this committee. He is also participating in the work of the recently set up technical committee on Test and Design Methods for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete.
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Rossi, P., Toutlemonde, F. Effect of loading rate on the tensile behaviour of concrete: description of the physical mechanisms. Mat. Struct. 29, 116–118 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02486201
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02486201