Summary
Rings in root systems of 7 conifer species from 11–15yr plantations indicated primary roots were initiated 3–5yr after planting; horizontal roots extended at 20 cm yr−1 (Tsuga heterophylla) to 55 cm yr−1 (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Vertical roots grew slower. Systems varied from the flat root systems ofPicea sitchensis orP. omorika to the heart root system ofAbies grandis. P. menziesii favoured the growth of adjacent roots of some species. Planting produced asymmetric root systems.
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Reynolds, E.R.C. The development of root systems analysed by growth rings. Plant Soil 71, 167–170 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182652
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182652