Summary
During 1966 and 1986 202 patients with hairy cell leukemia in the bone marrow biopsy were observed. All hairy cells were categorized according to their nuclear morphology into ovoid subtype, convoluted subtype and indented subtype. The overall survival of 113 non-splenectomised patients was 11 months. However, the median survival time of each subtype differed considerably with 55 months for the ovoid subtype, 8 months for the convoluted and 6 months for the indented type. The prognosis of splenectomy patients were significantly better at a p-value of less than 0.0001 than the survival of the non-splenectomised patients. The median survival time was 59 months. Also in this group of patients the prognosis was different for the ovoid, convoluted and indented subtype. The median survival time of the ovoid subtype is not yet reached, despite a observation time of more than 180 months. In contrast, the survival time for the convoluted and indented subtypes was 26 months. These data elucidate that at least part of the heterogeneity in the clinical course of this disease can be explained by the morphologically distinct subtypes and that splenectomy prolongs profoundly but to a different degree the survival of patients with all three histological subtypes. The response rate to r.-IFNα-2b is higher in patients with the ovoid than with the convoluted and indented subtypes.
Zusammenfassung
Die Diagnose der Haarzell-Leukämie (HCL) erfolgte in der Beckenkammbiopsie anhand eines charakteristischen Infiltrationsmusters in 100% der Fälle. Nach der Kernkonfiguration werden 3 histologische Subtypen unterschieden: Ovoid, convoluted und indented. Die medianen Überlebenszeiten nichtsplenektomierter Patienten (n=113) betrugen: ovoid 55, convoluted 8 und indented 6 Monate und die der splenektomierten Patienten (n=89): Ovoid >180 Monate und convoluted-indented 26 Monate (p=<0,003). Während der ersten 3–12 Monate nach Splenektomie waren Vollremissionen häufiger beim ovoiden als bei den convoluted-indented Subtypen (p=<0,007). Patienten mit dem ovoiden Subtyp und mit Splenomegalie bis zu 10 cm unter dem Rippenbogen hatten keine signifikante Lebensverlängerung durch Splenektomie. Alle 16 zusätzlichen Patienten mit dem ovoiden (100%) sowie 4 von 8 Patienten mit den convoluted-indented Subtypen (50%) hatten Remissionen währendα 2-IFN-Therapie.
Wir schließen daraus, daß das Überleben der Patienten mit HCL durch histologische Subtypen beeinflußt wird und daß Splenektomie undα 2-IFN einen günstigeren Therapieeffekt beim ovoiden als bei dem convoluted und idented Subtyp haben.
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Hill, W., Kettner, G. & Burkhardt, R. Die Diagnose und Prognose der Haarzell-Leukämie. Klin Wochenschr 65, 691–698 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01875508
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01875508