Abstract
Effects of acute cold exposure on plasma energy substrates and tissue 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were analyzed in intact rats, to define an involvement of the nucleotide in nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) and resultant cold acclimation. After an acute cold exposure to −5°C, the plasma glucose level increased gradually in warm-kept control rats (C) while it decreased significantly in cold-acclimated rats (CA). However, it was increased considerably by an extreme cold exposure to −15°C in both C and CA. By contrast, plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA) increased immediately after cold exposure and the release lasted during the period of exposure especially in C. The cold exposure also increased plasma cAMP concentration but no concomitant increase was found in the liver. In both brown (IBAT) and white (WAT) adipose tissues the nucleotide concentration showed a stepwise decrease. The observed correlation between lipolysis and plasma cAMP response after cold exposure suggests an involvement of the adenylate cyclase-cAMP system in NST via lipid metabolism, at least, in the early stages of cold acclimation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- cAMP:
-
cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate
- NST:
-
nonshivering thermogenesis
- FFA:
-
free fatty acids
- IBAT:
-
brown adipose tissue
- WAT:
-
white adipose tissue
References
Ball JH, Kaminsky NI, Hardman JG, Broadus AE, Sutherland EW, Liddle GW (1972) Effects of catecholamines and adrenergic-blocking agents on plasma and urinary cyclic nucleotides in man. J Clin Invest 51:2124–2129
Bertin R, Portet R (1976) Effects of lipolytic and antilipolytic drugs on metabolism of adenosine 3′∶5′-monophosphate in brown adipose tissue of cold acclimated rats. Eur J Biochem 69:177–183
Bertin R, Portet R, Terrier M (1979) Variations of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP contents of the liver and of brown and white adipose tissues of the rats during the first week of cold exposure. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 87:463–470
Buckowiecki LJ (1986) Lipid metabolism in brown adipose tissue. In: Trayhurn P, Nicholls DG (eds) Brown adipose tissue. Edward Arnold, London, pp 105–121
Doi K, Kuroshima A (1984) Economy of hormonal requirement for metabolic temperature acclimation. J Therm Biol 9:87–91
Dorigo P, Gaion RM, Fassina G (1974) Lack of correlation between cyclic AMP synthesis and free fatty acid release in brown fat of cold-adapted rats. Biochem Pharmacol 23:2877–2885
Fain JN, Jacobs MD, Clement-Cormier YC (1973) Interrelationship of cyclic AMP, lipolysis, and respiration in brown fat cells. Am J Physiol 224:346–351
Habara Y, Kuroshima A (1987) Enhanced formation of cyclic AMP after cold acclimation in the rat. Jpn J Physiol 37:1051–1056
Himms-Hagen J (1986) Brown adipose tissue and cold-acclimation. In: Trayhurn P, Nicholls DG (eds) Brown adipose tissue. Edward Arnold, London, pp 214–268
Hittelman KJ, Bertin R, Butcher RW (1974) Cyclic AMP metabolism in brown adipocytes of hamsters exposed to different temperatures. Biochim Biophys Acta 338:398–407
Kaminsky NJ, Broadus AE, Hardman JG, Ginn HE, Sutherland EW, Liddle GW (1969) Effects of glucagon and parathyroid hormone on plasma and urinary 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate in man. J Clin Invest 48:42a
Knight BL (1974) Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate, lipolysis and oxygen consumption in brown adipose tissue from newborn rabbits; Effect of cervical sympathectomy and of noradrenalin and theophylline in vitro, and the partial purification of an adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate-dependent protein kinase. Biochim Biophys Acta 343:287–296
Kuroshima A, Habara Y, Ohno T (1983) Norepinephrine-induced secretions of pancreatic hormones in cold- and heat-acclimated rats. Jpn J Physiol 33:827–836
Kuroshima A, Yahata T, Habara Y, Ohno T (1984) Hormonal regulation of brown adipose tissue—with special reference to the participation of endocrine pancreas. J Therm Biol 9:81–85
Lafrance L, Lagace G, Routhier D (1980) Free fatty acid and oxygen consumption: Effects of norepinephrine in nonfasted and nonanesthetized cold-adapted rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58:797–804
Nedergaard J, Lindberg O (1982) The brown fat cell. Int Rev Cytol 74:187–286
Ricquier D, Bouillaud F (1986) The brown adipose tissue mitochondrial uncoupling protein. In: Trayhurn P, Nicholls DG (eds) Brown adipose tissue. Edward Arnold. London, pp 86–104
Senault C, Cherqui G, Cadot M, Portet R (1981) Cold-induced developmental changes in fat cell size and number in brown adipose tissue of the rat. Am J Physiol (Endocrinol Metab) 240:E379-E383
Svartengren J, Svoboda P, Cannon B (1982) Desensitization of β-adrenergic responsiveness in vivo; Decreased coupling between receptors and adenylate cyclase in isolated brown-fat cells. Eur J Biochem 128:481–488
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Habara, Y. Effects of cold exposure on cyclic AMP concentration in plasma, liver, and brown and white adipose tissues in cold-acclimated rats. Int J Biometeorol 33, 95–100 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01686285
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01686285