Summary
Piemontites occur in manganiferous hematite ore deposits and radiolarian chest in the Nikoro Group, Tokoro Belt, eastern Hokkaido, Japan. The piemontite-bearing chest and ore bodies have suffered low-grade metamorphism of high pressure intermediate type. In ore bodies, piemontite forms veinlets with quartz and/or pumpellyite-(Mn2+) containing Mn3+ in Y site. In chest, piemontite occurs not only in veinlets but also in radiolarian tests with pumpellyite-(Mn2+). The mineral assemblages characterized by piemontite, pumpellyite-(Mn2+), okhotskite, hematite and bixbyite indicate that chest and ore deposits were metamorphosed under extremely highfO2 condition. Some piemontites in ores contain as much as 1.12 Mn3+, and the sum of Mn3+ and Fe3+ attains 1.46 per formula unit, whereas piemontites in chest contain less (Mn3+ + Fe3+). This difference in compositions may essentially be ascribed to the difference in the host rock compositions. On the other hand, Mn3+ and Fe3+ contents of piemontites in ores vary considerably by Al ⇌ (Mn3+, Fe3+) and Mn3+ ⇌ Fe3+ substitutions. This phenomenon may be interpreted in terms of the local availability of Mn3+ and Fe3+ in the host rocks.
The low-temperature stability limit of piemontite is evaluated from the relations between piemontite and pumpellyite and from the estimated P-T conditions of piemontite crystallization in chert and ore deposits.
Zusammenfassung
Piemontite treten in manganführenden Hämatitlagerstätten und Radiolariten in der Nikoro-Gruppe des Tokoro-Gürtels, Ost-Hokkaido, Japan; auf. Die Piemontit-füh-renden Radiolarite und Erzkörper zeigen eine niedrig temperierte (Low-grade Bereich), Hochdruck (intermediate-type)-Metamorphose. In den Erzkörpern bildet Piemontit Gänge zusammen mit Quarz und/oder Mn3+ (in der Y-Position)-führendem Pumpellyit-(Mn2+). In den Radiolariten tritt Piemontit nicht nur in Gängen, sondern auch zusammen mit Pumpellyit-(Mn2+) in Radiolarien auf. Die Mineralparagenese Piemontit, Pumpellyit-(Mn2+), Okhotskit, Hämatit und Bixbyit deutet darauf hin, daß die Radiolarite und Erzlagerstätten unter hohenfO2-Bedingungen metamorphisiert worden sind.
In den Erzkörpern enthalten einige Piemontite bis zu 1.12 Mn3+ und die Summe von Mn3+ und Fe3+ erreicht 1.46 pro Formeleinheit. Die Piemontite in den Radiolariten zeigen geringere Mn3+ + Fe3+ Gehalte. Diese Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung sind auf die unterschiedlichen Trägergesteine zurückzuführen. Außerdem variieren die Mn3+ und Fe3+-Gehalte der Piemontite in den Erzkörpern deutlich auf Grund der Substitution von Al ⇌ (Mn3+, Fe3+) und Mn3+ ⇌ Fe3+. Dieses Phänomen kann durch die lokale Verfügbarkeit von Mn3+ und Fe3+ im Trägergestein interpretiert werden.
Die niedrige Temperatur-Stabilität von Piemontit kann durch die Assoziation Piemontit-Pumpellyit und durch die bestimmten P-T-Bedingungen der Piemontit-Kristallisation in den Radiolariten und Erzlagerstätten abgeschätzt werden.
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Akasaka, M., Sakakibara, M. & Togari, K. Piemontite from the manganiferous hematite ore deposits in the Tokoro Belt, Hokkaido, Japan. Mineralogy and Petrology 38, 105–116 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01164315
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01164315